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Recent research in electrocatalytic CO 2 conversion points the way to using CO 2 as a feedstock and renewable electricity as an energy supply for the synthesis of different types of fuel and value-added chemicals such as ethylene, ethanol, and propane. Their paper is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Scientists at Stanford University have developed electrochemical cells that convert carbon monoxide (CO) derived from CO 2 into commercially viable compounds more effectively and efficiently than existing technologies. —senior author Matthew Kanan, an associate professor of chemistry at Stanford University. —Ripatti et al.
A competing reaction, called the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) or “water splitting,” takes precedence over the CO 2 conversion reaction. —Haotian Wang, a Rowland Fellow at Harvard University and the corresponding author. This study was supported in part by the Rowland Institute at Harvard University. Resources.
However, some compounds like FeF 3 are capable of transferring multiple electrons through a more complex reaction mechanism, called a conversion reaction. Iron fluoride, an intercalation-conversion cathode for lithium-ion batteries, promises a high theoretical energy density of 1922?Wh?kg
Bottom: Schematics of the proposed de-/lithiation mechanism during the conversion reaction of TM-HEO. Conversion batteries based on electrochemical material conversion allow for an increase of the stored amount of energy, while battery weight is reduced. Sarkar et al. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05774-5.
Chemists from the University of Waterloo have successfully resolved two of the most challenging issues surrounding lithium-oxygen batteries, and in the process created a working battery with near 100% coulombic efficiency. Thermodynamics and configuration of the Li-O 2 cell. (A) —Linda Nazar. Resources. 361, Issue 6404, pp.
The US Department of Energy (DOE) released its five-year 2014-2018 Strategic Plan. To achieve this first objective, DOE intends to pursue parallel strategies: Advance options for diverse energy resources and conversion devices for power. DOE has outlined three strategies to achieve this objective: 1.
Project partners include INERATEC, a spinoff of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), VTT Technical Research Center of Finland and Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT). An electrolysis unit developed by Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT) uses solar power to produce the required hydrogen.
An electrolysis unit developed by Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT) produces the required hydrogen by means of solar power. The SOLETAIR project will be completed in mid-2018. The plant consists of three components. The new power-to-liquid plant will be taken into operation at the BIORUUKKI Piloting Center of VTT this year.
Researchers at the University of Virginia (UVA) have devised a process for converting retired Li-ion battery anodes to graphene and graphene oxide (GO). A paper on the work is published in the ACS journal Nano Letters. The findings present a new promise for smartly recycling Li-ion batteries. —Zhang et al. 8b04410.
World energy consumption projections expect coal to stay one of the world’s main energy sources in the coming decades, and a growing share of it will be used in CT—the conversion of coal to liquid fuels (CTL). The first stage in CTL is the conversion of coal to syngas—a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 ).
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin are proposing a novel approach to suppress the “polysulfide shuttle” in Li-S batteries—a freestanding, three-dimensional graphene/1T MoS 2 (3DG/TM) heterostructure with highly efficient electrocatalysis for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). after 200 cycles. doi: 10.1039/C8EE03252A.
Unitrans, the University of California, Davis transit system, has purchased six Xcelsior CHARGE battery-electric, forty-foot heavy-duty transit buses from NFI subsidiary New Flyer of America Inc. UC Davis utilized the California Department of General Services (DGS) contract for the procurement.
A team of engineers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) recently discovered that a naturally occurring bacterium, Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum TG57, isolated from waste generated after harvesting mushrooms, is capable of directly converting cellulose to biobutanol. Credit: National University of Singapore.
The federal government and its partners hope to support the annual production of 1 billion gallons of drop in aviation biofuel by 2018. Southeast Partnership for Integrated Biomass Supply Systems (IBSS) led by the University of Tennessee is using switchgrass and woody biomass to produce butanol and aviation fuel.
Mechanical engineers at the University of California, Riverside, have successfully used inexpensive materials to produce thermoelectric devices that transform low-level waste heat into electricity. The spin to charge conversion takes place in the NM (usually heavy metal) due to inverse spin-Hall effect. —Sandeep Kumar.
Researchers at the University of Exeter (UK) have developed a novel p-type LaFeO 3 photoelectrode using an inexpensive and scalable spray pyrolysis method. Cost effective solar fuel generation is hindered by the semiconductor material not meeting certain essential criteria to achieve highly efficient solar to hydrogen conversion.
Now, an international research team has discovered and characterized a new family of cytochrome P450 enzymes critical to improving the conversion of lignin. Demethylation is the simple chemistry of removing a methyl group, and the microbial conversion of lignin relies on this critical reaction. —Gregg Beckham. Johnson, Mark D.
Researchers at Monash University in Australia are proposing a roadmap to renewable ammonia being produced in the future at a scale that is significant in terms of global fossil fuel use. Generation 3 avoids the need for the Haber-Bosch process entirely by direct electrochemical conversion of N 2 to NH 3.
This eliminates the conversion reactions and electrolyte decomposition that limit the lifetime of lead acid and lithium-ion cells. Natron was founded as Alveo Energy in 2012 as a spin-out from research originally performed at Stanford University. Resources. Firouzi, R. Motallebi, C.W. Valencia, H.S. Fujimoto, L.A. Yang, and C.D.
The brand is also continuing to develop conventional engines with a focus on universal mild hybridization and the 48-volt electrical system. Since the end of 2018, the company has been conducting CO 2 workshops together with its suppliers to agree on effective measures.
Researchers at the University of Konstanz in Germany have now developed a two-step, one-pot process for the synthesis of benzene from the five-fold unsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a component of microalgae oils.
The US Department of Energy announced $98 million in funding for 40 new projects as part of OPEN 2018, the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy’s (ARPA-E) latest open funding opportunity. University of California, San Diego. University of Delaware. Vanderbilt University. Kampachi Farms, LLC.
Responding to fleet market demand for complete, body-ready chassis, Motiv Power Systems is introducing the EPIC (Electric Powered Intelligent Chassis) all-electric family of chassis for 2018.
To permanently reduce CO 2 emissions, steelmaker ArcelorMittal has developed a low-emissions technology strategy, which targets not only the use of alternative feedstocks and the conversion of CO 2 emissions, but also the direct avoidance of carbon (Carbon Direct Avoidance, CDA). The project costs amount to around €65 million (US$73 million).
The selected projects—spanning 22 states and coordinated at universities, national laboratories, and private companies—will advance technologies for a wide range of areas, including electric vehicles, offshore wind, storage and nuclear recycling. Cornell University. Stanford University. The Ohio State University.
Researchers from Hokkaido University and their colleagues in Japan and Taiwan have more than doubled the ability of a material to transform wasted heat into usable electricity by significantly narrowing the space through which spread electrons move, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Nature Communications.
A team from Georgia Tech, with colleagues at the university of Kansas, has designed a high-performance solid-oxide fuel cell that operates directly on nearly dry (only ~3.5 Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are potentially the most efficient technology for direct conversion of hydrocarbons to electricity. d , A top-down view of the ARL.
In a cohort study of a subset of 2050 newborns from the Children’s Health Study in southern California, researchers at the University of Southern California (USC) found that an increase of 2 standard deviations in prenatal exposure to particulate matter in air pollution was associated with higher newborn total thyroxine (TT4) measures.
In an open-access study published in the journal Science Advances , Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) researchers, along with their counterparts at Harvard University, report on the hierarchical 3D printing of nanoporous gold, a proof of concept that researchers say could revolutionize the design of chemical reactors.
A team from the University of Houston and Hunan Normal University in China has developed an active and durable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst for water splitting that meets commercial crtieria for current densities at low overpotentials. to deliver 200 mA cm -2 , unsatisfactory for the commercial requirements of 1.8-2.4
However, vehicle miles traveled by cars, light trucks, and motorcycles typically account for a vast majority of travel ( 90% in 2018 ). Conversely, if the number of occupants has increased, the reduction in occupant distance traveled would be smaller than shown.
Notwithstanding its potential, however, the cost-effective conversion of woody feedstocks is limited by a single key factor, the recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic matrix to degradation by enzyme cocktails. —Professor Paul Walton from the Department of Chemistry at the University of York, co-author.
Rice University nanoscientists have demonstrated a new catalyst that can convert ammonia into hydrogen fuel at ambient pressure using only light energy, mainly due to a plasmonic effect that makes the catalyst more efficient. Photo by LANP/Rice University). —,Rice Laboratory for Nanophotonics (LANP) Director Naomi Halas.
A new study, led by academics at St John’s College, University of Cambridge, has used semi-artificial photosynthesis to explore new ways to produce and store solar energy. —co-author Dr. Erwin Reisner, Head of the Reisner Laboratory, a Fellow of St John’s College, University of Cambridge. Katarzyna P.
A variety of drop-in replacement biofuels—catalytic hydrothermal conversion diesel (CHCD-76), synthesized isoparaffin (SIP-76), and hydroprocessed renewable diesel (HRD-76)—have been produced in sufficient quantity and supplied to the US Navy for blending with the traditional naval diesel NATO F-76. Now, Jinxia Fu and Scott Q.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have identified two main challenges for renewable biofuel production from cheap sources: lowering the cost of developing microbial cell factories; and establishing more efficient methods for hydrolysis of biomass to sugars for fermentation. Zhou et al. —Eduard Kerkhoven.
Researchers at the University of Akron have developed hierarchical porous Mn 3 O 4 /C nanospheres as anode materials for Li-ion batteries. Vogt, Yu Zhu (2018) “Self-assembled Mn 3 O 4 /C nanospheres as high-performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries,” Journal of Power Sources , Volume 395, Pages 92-97 doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.05.064.
Researchers at Changchun University of Science and Technology in China have developed a nanobox strategy to improve the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries. A paper on their work appears in the Journal of Power Sources. Li–S batteries theoretically offer a specific energy density of 2600 Wh kg ?1 —Song et al. 2018.10.032.
The authors identified a number of challenges for new fuels for a low-carbon transportation sector: Fuels tailored to engines with cycle and system advances that increase overall conversion of chemical energy to useful work. 2018) “Future transportation fuels.” Kalghatgi, G., Levinsky, H., & Colket, M. doi: 10.1016/j.pecs.2018.06.003.
A team from Stanford University is proposing continuous electrochemical heat conversion as a direct method of harvesting heat to electricity. Andrey D Poletayev, Ian McKay, William C Chueh and Arunava Majumdar (2018) “Continuous Electrochemical Heat Engines” Energy Environ. —Poletayev et al. doi: 10.1039/C8EE01137K.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) have used a plasma pre-treatment to achieve through-plane wettability of carbon layers in a fuel cell electrode. Porous carbon based layers have become standard electrode materials in many energy conversion and storage applications. 2018.07.005.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new approach for creating new catalysts to aid in clean energy conversion and storage. In this study, researchers looked at the challenges of improving affordability and catalyst efficiency in the conversion and storage of clean energy. —Huang et al. 1800884115.
Babies in strollers can be exposed to up to ~60% higher average concentrations of pollution than their parents, causing potential damage to their frontal lobe and impacting on their cognitive abilities and brain development, according to a study by researchers at the University of Surrey (UK).
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