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A team of researchers, led by Professor Gavin Shaddick at the University of Exeter, has shown that, despite global efforts to improve air quality, half of the world’s population is exposed to increasing air pollution. in 2016; (b) Changes in concentrations between 2010 and 2016. a)Map of global PM 2.5 Units for both are
A study by a team from Washington University School of Medicine in St. pollution—even at levels deemed safe—to an increased risk of diabetes globally. Our research shows a significant link between air pollution and diabetes globally. Overall, the researchers estimated that pollution contributed to 3.2
Emissions from farms outweigh all other human sources of fine-particulate air pollution in much of the United States, Europe, Russia and China, according a new study published in Geophysical Research Letters , a journal of the American Geophysical Union. Pollutants other than ammonia should probably be targeted for abatement, Paulot said.
Since the 1980s, air pollution has increased worldwide, but it has increased at a much faster pace in regions close to the equator. The work provides strategic insight on where in the world to reduce emissions of pollutants that form ozone. Jason West, corresponding author. —Owen R. Cooper, co-author. Yuqiang Zhang, Owen R.
Long-term exposure to particulate air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of heart disease, but the biological process has not been understood. Participant-specific pollutant concentrations averaged over the years 2000–10 ranged from 9.2–22.6 The study is published in The Lancet. and NO x between 1999 and 2012. μg PM 2.5 /m
A 2016 study by Professor Maher and colleagues found abundant magnetite nanoparticles in brain tissue; magnetite is toxic and has been implicated in the production of reactive oxygen species (free radicals) in the human brain, which are associated with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease. Cross, Imad A.M. 2019.108567.
Air pollution—specifically PM 2.5 , ozone and NO 2 —could be to blame for up to 33 million emergency asthma attack visits to hospital a year, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. million and 230,000 premature deaths in 2016, respectively.
pollution to heart damage. People who were highly educated were less likely to have harmful effects on the heart from pollution. This could be due to a number of factors including better housing and workplace conditions, which reduce pollution exposure. Berlin: Logos Berlin, 2016. Among the sources of urban PM 2.5
Salto has been one of our favorite robots since we were first introduced to it in 2016 as a project out of Ron Fearings lab at UC Berkeley. We can cover large distances, we can get over obstacles, we dont require an atmosphere, and we dont pollute anything. LEAP has been funded through a nine-month Phase 1 study that begins this April.
Air pollution impairs the function of blood vessels in the lungs, according to a study of more than 16,000 patients presented at EuroEcho-Imaging 2016. The study examined the effect of air pollution on pulmonary haemodynamics (blood flow) in a population and in individuals. Increases in PM 10 and PM 2.5
Seven billion people, more than 95% of the world’s population, lived in areas exceeding the WHO Guideline for healthy air in 2016, according to a new global study. Comparison of 2016 annual average PM 2.5 Population-weighted seasonal average ozone concentrations in 2016. In 2016 a total of 2.5 State of Global Air 2018.
Air pollution may shorten the survival of patients with lung cancer, suggests a population-based study by a team from the University of Southern California published in the journal Thorax. As might be expected, survival for patients with advanced disease was poor, irrespective of exposure to pollutants. —Jaime Hart.
Fine particulate matter air pollution (PM 2.5 ) may be associated with blood vessel damage and inflammation among young, healthy adults, according to new research in Circulation Research , an American Heart Association journal. Air pollution is known to contribute to cardiovascular disease and related deaths. Arden Pope, Ph.D.,
Decreases in ambient air pollution levels over the past 20 years in Southern California were associated with significant reductions in bronchitic symptoms in children with and without asthma, according to a study by researchers at the University of Southern California published in JAMA. Kiros Berhane, Ph.D., —Berhane et al.
The particles we found are strikingly similar to the magnetite nanospheres that are abundant in the airborne pollution found in urban settings, especially next to busy roads, and which are formed by combustion or frictional heating from vehicle engines or brakes. India study. Gargiulo et al. Torres-Jardón,R. and Calderon-Garciduenas, L.C.
The winners and their innovative technologies are: Professor Paul Chirik of Princeton University is being recognized for discovering a new class of catalysts that are used to produce silicones, found in silicone rubber, tires, shampoos, furniture fibers and paper coatings without using hard-to-obtain platinum. on 13 June.
The distribution of California’s clean vehicle rebates across different socioeconomic groups has been uneven, with higher income groups more likely to receive rebates, according to a new study by a team from the University of California, Berkeley. —Rubin and St-Louis (2016). —Rubin and St-Louis (2016).
This summer dozens of scientists from State and federal agencies and universities are using four different aircraft with more than 200 flight hours, balloons that measure ozone aloft, and a laser-based instrument that measures ozone above the ground up to 12,000 feet, to investigate ozone which enters California from the Pacific Ocean.
A new statistical method developed by researchers at KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia) can detect abnormal ozone levels within large bodies of monitored data. Sun and her colleagues also hope to apply their data analysis techniques to dust pollution, another major environmental issue in Saudi Arabia.
In “Estimated Excess Morbidity and Mortality Caused by Air Pollution above ATS Recommended Standards, 2011-2013,” published online in the August edition of Annals of the American Thoracic Society , researchers report on the annual health benefits of meeting more protective standards recommended by the ATS for O 3 and PM 2.5.
CHIE participants are exposed to one or several common air pollutants usually for a few hours at concentrations that are not expected to produce adverse responses. The NAAQS process has broad health importance because it regulates the outdoor air concentrations of those pollutants. 2009 to Oct.
A team at Zhejiang University has now investigated the impact of methanol–gasoline blends on the pollutant emissions of port-fuel injected spark ignition (SI) engines. However, the in-cylinder combustion of methanol also produces a considerable amount of extra toxic emissions, such as alcohols and aldehydes. 6b01586.
Every local and state government is faced with challenges such as rapid urbanization and congestion, inefficient and pollutive transport, and ever-changing and evolving technology. Its efficiency will allow products to be iterated regularly to match customers’ needs and preferences.
The research was undertaken by a team from Intermountain Healthcare, Brigham Young University, and the University of Utah. The most important finding of this study is that infectious processes of respiratory disease may be influenced by particulate matter pollution at various levels. It may be that PM 2.5
HT PEM is more robust and can withstand toughest conditions, such as extreme temperatures and pollution, compared to LT-PEM. 2016) “An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs.” 2c02367 Emory Sayre De Castro et al. MA2022-02 1466 Lee, KS., Spendelow, J., 2016.120
A new study by a team at the University of Surrey has found that particulate pollution levels inside cars are up to 40% higher when the vehicle is stuck in a traffic jam or stopped at a red traffic light compared to free-flowing traffic conditions. 34 μm at TIs.
JILA physicists and colleagues have identified a long-missing piece in the puzzle of exactly how fossil fuel combustion contributes to air pollution and a warming climate. JILA a partnership of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Colorado Boulder. Their paper appears in Science. Bjork, T.Q.
While fine particulate air pollution is known to cause respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, a new study indicates that it also likely causes damage to the kidneys. Regions with high levels of fine particulate air pollution had the highest rates of membranous nephropathy. 2016010093.
Electric vehicles charged in coal-heavy regions can create more human health and environmental damages from life cycle air emissions than gasoline vehicles, according to a new consequential life cycle analysis by researchers from Carnegie Mellon University. UC stands for uncontrolled charging and CC stands for controlled charging. Weis et al.
Air pollution legislation to control fossil fuel emissions and the associated acid rain has worked—perhaps leading to the need for sulfur fertilizers for crop production. The work is based on research partially supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, USDA, under Agreement No. David, Lowell E. Gentry, and Corey A.
Eni and RenOils, the Italian national vegetable and animal oils and fats Consortium established in 2016 to ensure the correct management of the collection, transport, storage, processing and reuse of vegetable oils and animal fats, are promoting the recovery of used cooking oils (UCO) for biofuel production.
In fact, policies aimed at cutting carbon emissions improve air quality by a similar amount as policies specifically targeting air pollution. The study is the most detailed assessment to date of the interwoven effects of climate policy on the economy, air pollution, and the cost of health problems related to air pollution.
Further, increased emissions of traditional criteria pollutants from the shipping sector lead to large adverse health impacts, with 14,500–37,500 premature deaths per year. Attention on ships and ports has increased as seaborne trade has grown significantly in recent decades.
preventing air pollution. Patrick Cappillino, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. Dr. David Go, University of Notre Dame. Today, the automotive industry faces three challenges regarding environmental and energy issues: finding a viable alternative energy source as a replacement for oil; reducing CO 2 emissions; and.
The US Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) today recently signed a cooperative agreement with the University of Texas at Austin and a team of Arctic researchers for a comprehensive study of the Hanna Shoal ecosystem in the Chukchi Sea off Alaska’s northwest coast. Dr. Kenneth H.
The study, by a team of researchers from Carnegie Mellon University, University of Georgia, Aerodyne Research, California Air Resources Board (ARB), Ohio State University, UC Berkeley, and UC San Diego is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Credit: ACS, Saliba et al. Click to enlarge.
Long-term exposure to ambient PM 2.5 , a mixture of environmental pollutants, was associated with increased risk of mortality for many types of cancer in an elderly Hong Kong population, according to a study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention , a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.
Additional funds will come from the Motor Vehicle Account, the Air Pollution Control Fund and the Vehicle Inspection Repair Fund. CARB chose the site near the University of California, Riverside, in March 2016 and completed environmental studies in June 2017. Congressman Mark Takano, U.S. Congressman Ken Calvert, U.S.
The development of ICV technology and systems is expected to address their challenges, including pollution, traffic congestion and road accidents, as well as create additional investment opportunities, revenue and jobs in related businesses. China has nine megacities with populations above 10 million—more than any other country.
UK-based Emissions Analytics, a specialist in real-world, on-road vehicle emissions measurement and analysis, plans to launch a new initiative in 2016 to help consumers, policy makers and vehicle manufacturers better understand the real-world emissions of NO x from new cars. Dr. Adam Boeis – Department of Engineering, Cambridge University.
In a study with implications for populated areas near airports, a team from Tufts University in Boston has found that the impact of aviation on ambient ultrafine particle number concentrations (PNCs) extend many kilometers downwind of Boston’s Logan airport. years at three sites within 7.3 km of the airport. Hudda et al. Resources.
The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem. McDuffie et al.
A multi-year quantitative study of the influence of ship emissions on urban air quality by a team from Fudan University found that ships could contribute 20–30% (2–7 μg/m 3 ) of the total PM 2.5 This may have caused substantial atmospheric pollution and worsened the current air-pollution situation in megacity Shanghai.
The winners are Professor Patrick Cappillino, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth; Professor Yogesh (Yogi) Surendranath, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and Professor David Go, University of Notre Dame. Preventing air pollution. Patrick Cappillino, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. Reducing CO 2 emissions.
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