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They found that the increase in ozone burden due to the spatial distribution change slightly exceeds the combined influences of the increased emission magnitude and global methane. Based on their findings, they suggested that emission increases in Southeast, East and South Asia may be most important for the ozone change.
High levels of air pollutants, especially fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and to a lesser extent, ozone, may be linked to a heightened risk of developing mouth cancer, suggests a study by a team of Taiwanese researchers. A significant association was also observed for ozone levels below 28.69-30.97 µg/m 3 , those above 40.37
A long-term study of the health of Canadian children has found that exposure to ozone (O 3 ) at birth was associated with an 82% increased risk of developing asthma by age three. An 82% higher risk of developing asthma was associated with each 10 parts per billion, or ppb increase in exposure to ozone at birth.
Emissions of one of the chemicals most responsible for the Antarctic ozone hole are on the rise, despite an international treaty that required an end to its production in 2010, a new study by researchers at NOAA and their colleagues shows. —NOAA scientist Stephen Montzka, lead author of the paper.
The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem. McDuffie et al.
As California continues to reduce local sources of ozone, ozone entering the state from the Pacific makes up a larger fraction of measured ozone levels. An ozonesonde is a balloon which measures ozone from the surface to more than 10 kilometers above the ground.
A new statistical method developed by researchers at KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia) can detect abnormal ozone levels within large bodies of monitored data. The monitoring methods can quickly and accurately detect ozone anomalies—localized spikes in ozone concentration indicated by sensor data.
In 2017, emissions from GHG emitting activities statewide were 424 million metric tons of CO 2 equivalent (MMTCO 2 e), 5 MMTCO 2 e lower than 2016 levels and 7 MMTCO 2 e below the 2020 GHG Limit of 431 MMTCO 2 e. Compared to 2016, California’s GDP grew 3.6% while the carbon intensity of its economy declined by 4.5%.
Number of premature PM 2.5 - and ozone-related deaths attributable to seven broad classes of sectors in 2016 (thousands of premature deaths). and ozone air quality levels, population exposure and health burden to 23 industrial point, area, mobile and international emission sectors in the Continental US in 2005 and 2016.
NO x emissions in California are the most important contributor to ambient ozone and a key contributor to fine particulate matter pollution (PM 2.5 California is home to both the highest ozone levels (South Coast) and ambient particulate matter levels (San Joaquin Valley) in the United States. 2011-2012 MY Dodge Caliber (PM FWD CVT).
Air pollution—specifically PM 2.5 , ozone and NO 2 —could be to blame for up to 33 million emergency asthma attack visits to hospital a year, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5
Through routine audits, CARB discovered that Del Monte’s chartered fleet calling at the Port of Hueneme for 2015-2016 did not meet the operational time limits for at least 50% of its visits and did not reduce its auxiliary engine power generation by 50%. These reductions decrease air pollution and the mortality rate of endangered whales.
ska facility are Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems; advanced SCR on Filter (SCRoF) solutions; and PremAir-branded ozone destruction catalysts for automotive applications. Among the advanced technologies that will be produced at the ?roda
Seven billion people, more than 95% of the world’s population, lived in areas exceeding the WHO Guideline for healthy air in 2016, according to a new global study. Comparison of 2016 annual average PM 2.5 Population-weighted seasonal average ozone concentrations in 2016. In 2016 a total of 2.5 contributed to 4.1
offer 12,924,822 2013 current vintage allowances and 9,560,000 year 2016 future vintage allowances for sale. Offset projects can be designed to enhance removals of GHG on agricultural lands and forestlands or reduce GHG emissions through capture of methane from livestock operations and through destruction of ozone depleting substances.
Without a nationwide ultra-low NO x emission standard, SCAQMD argues, California will not be able to meet the 2023 deadline for achieving the federally mandated 8-hour ozone standard, which was adopted in 1997 and set at 80 parts per billion. was recently certified by CARB and is expected to be commercially available mid-year 2016.
Under the proposed settlement, lodged with the US District Court for the District of Columbia, Daimler will recall and repair the emissions systems in Mercedes-Benz diesel vehicles sold in the United States between 2009 and 2016 and pay $875 million in civil penalties and roughly $70.3 million in other penalties.
The rail sector is the only transportation modality without significant emissions related development that is feasible in the near-term to eliminate ozone, smog and GHG emissions, OptiFuel says. g/bhp-hr of NOx, a reduction of 400 times. More than 122 million people (nearly 40% of the U.S. In 2018, Class I, II, and III railroads purchased 4.7
Ethane reacts with sunlight and other molecules in the atmosphere to form ozone, which at the surface can cause respiratory problems, eye irritation and other ailments and damage crops. A snapshot from a simulation of how Bakken oil field hydrocarbon emissions including ethane affect North American ground-level ozone concentrations.
Specifically, the proposed rule updates the current prohibition under section 608 of the Clean Air Act against knowingly venting, releasing or disposing of ozone-depleting (ODS) and substitute refrigerants and extends the requirements, as appropriate, to non-ozone-depleting substitute refrigerants, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
Concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere surged at a record-breaking speed in 2016 to the highest level in 800,000 years, according to the World Meteorological Organization’s Greenhouse Gas Bulletin. parts per million in 2016, up from 400.00 parts per million in 2016, up from 400.00 ppm in 2015. Nitrous Oxide.
California statewide GHG emissions dropped below the 2020 GHG Limit in 2016 and have remained below the 2020 GHG Limit since then. in 2018 (2000-2018 average year-over-year increase is 6.8%), continuing the increasing trend as they replace Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) being phased out under the 1987 Montreal Protocol.
That the reduction has not materialized—and that global emissions have instead risen—is a puzzle, and may have implications for the Montreal Protocol, the international treaty that was designed to protect the stratospheric ozone layer.
20 % of stations registered concentrations above the EU ozone (O 3 ) target value for the protection of human health. Poor air quality continues to damage Europeans’ health, especially in urban areas, with particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and ground-level ozone (0 3 ) causing the largest harm.
This workshop is the follow-up to the Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in the Ports Workshop 2016, held in Port of Los Angeles. At this year’s workshop, there will be updates from last year with presentations from ports authorities, terminal operators, trucking companies, hydrogen and fuel cell technology providers, and State funding agencies.
The Multimedia Evaluation (MME) of E15 looked at the effects of increased ethanol content on exhaust emissions in 20 vehicles—all model year 2016 or newer. California currently limits the ethanol content of gasoline to 10 percent. The study used two fuels—an E10 and E15.
As a result, the market share of GDI-equipped vehicles has increased dramatically over the past decade and is expected to reach 50% of new gasoline vehicles sold in 2016. We estimate ozone and SOA formation potential. We use the data to quantify the effects of engine technology, emission standards, and cold-start on emissions.
Air pollution impairs the function of blood vessels in the lungs, according to a study of more than 16,000 patients presented at EuroEcho-Imaging 2016. and ozone on pulmonary circulation on the same day and over five and ten days. EuroEcho-Imaging 2016. The population study showed a negative effect of PM 10 , PM 2.5
Up to an additional $60,000,000 may be available for projects under this solicitation from future funds appropriated by the California legislature on or before 30 June 2016. microns or less (PM 2.5 ); and NO x emissions that lead to ozone and secondary PM. Up to $23,658,000 is available for this project from FY 2014-15 funds.
In 2011, 231 counties in the US exceeded the EPA’s regulatory standards for ozone, the main component of smog. Now that states are on the hook to come up with plans to meet federal emissions targets by 2016, you can bet they will take a close look at these results. Standards for fine particulate matter were exceeded in 118 counties.
The authors found that decreases in ambient concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 µm (PM 10 ) and less than 2.5 2016) “Association of Changes in Air Quality With Bronchitic Symptoms in Children in California,” 1993-2012. —Berhane et al. 2016.3444.
Two maps compare total annual sulfur dioxide amounts for India and China during 2005 (left) and 2016 based on Ozone Monitoring Instrument measurements. The researchers’ second data source was the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite, which detects a variety of atmospheric pollutants including sulfur dioxide.
Participants’ average exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), particulate matter of less than 10 um, and less than 2.5 Sandrah P Eckel, Myles Cockburn, Yu-Hsiang Shu, Huiyu Deng, Frederick W Lurmann, Lihua Liu, Frank D Gilliland (2016) “Air pollution affects lung cancer survival” Thorax doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207927.
Results from CHIE studies are used to inform the periodic review of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for common pollutants, such as ozone and particulate matter (PM), and advise other policy decisions. 2016, one participant developed an unexpected episode of irregular heart beat during an experimental PM exposure.
In addition to ozone and particulate matter, the other pollutants are lead, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Ewart (2016) “American Thoracic Society and Marron Institute Report. Cromar, Laura A. Gladson, Lars D. Perlmutt, Marya Ghazipura, and Gary W. 1195-1201 doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201602-103AR. 201602-103AR.
Data from the Haifa municipality shows that until January 2016, some 600 heavy vehicles (more than 12 tons) would be on the roads in downtown Haifa every day during rush hour. As of March 14, 2016, they already handed out 192 tickets to violators, totaling NIS 96,000 (US$24,768) in fines.
The majority of California residents live in areas that do not meet permissible air quality levels for regulated air pollutants—mostly due to exceedances in atmospheric concentrations of ozone and particulate matter.
The engine was certified in the fall of 2016 by the EPA and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to 0.02 NO x emissions lead to the formation of ozone and small particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), each of which contributes to significant health impacts, including asthma and heart disease.
of all global deaths) caused by outdoor fine particulate air pollution and an additional 215,000 deaths from exposure to ozone. They found that in 2013 there were 2.9 million deaths (5.3% Further, indoor exposure to household air pollution from the use of solid fuels for cooking and heating was responsible for 2.9 million deaths in 2013.
The top set of recommendations call for: Replacing existing switch and medium horsepower locomotives with cleaner locomotives (2010-2013); Retrofitting switch and medium horsepower locomotive with particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) after-treatment devices (2012-2016); and. NO x helps create ground-level ozone, or smog.
Specifically, they proposed a method to assess the contribution of EVs to urban air quality in Belgium, compared to conventional vehicles of the same weight class; they modeled the effect on human toxicity (HT), photochemical ozone formation (POF) and particulate matter formation (PMF). Victor R.J.H. Timmers, Peter A.J. 2016.03.017.
The “Kigali Amendment” resulting from the annual Montreal Protocol Meeting of Parties in October 2016 in Kigali, Rwanda targets phasing down the production of HFCs globally. More than three-quarters of HFC emissions in California come from the use of refrigerants in the commercial, industrial, residential, and transportation sectors.
Meanwhile, environmentalists were voicing concern—about how noisy such aircraft are taking off, about the possibility that their high-altitude emissions would erode the ozone layer, and about how disruptive the sonic booms would be. The last of these issues was perhaps the most vexing, prompting the U.S. Boom Supersonic.
million shares of an almost $3 billion settlement in 2016 between the U.S. Nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxides are precursor chemicals that, combined with sunlight, create ground-level ozone. The Department of Environmental Quality is awarding 79 grants for the charging stations, using money from the state’s $19.8
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