Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2017

The fuel efficiency of new cars sold in the European Union (EU) continued to improve last year but at a slower rate, according to provisional data from the European Environment Agency. g CO 2 /km, new cars sold in 2016 emitted more than 23 g CO 2 /km above the 2021 target, according to the provisional emissions reported by Member States.

2016 170

2016 Czech Republic Fuel Europe 170

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2014

One will be a PHEV version of the new Chrysler Town & Country minivan to be introduced in 2016; the second will be a PHEV version of a new full-size crossover vehicle to be introduced in 2017. FCA will launch a PHEV minivan in 2016 to comply with ZEV requirements. Several mild hybrid applications will come to market shortly thereafter.

Chrysler 294

Chrysler 2016 PHEV Gasoline 294

Green Car Congress

JULY 5, 2022

Canada will publish the final Clean Fuel Regulations (CFR) in the Canada Gazette Part II on 6 July 2022. The CFR set increasingly stringent requirements on producers and importers to reduce the carbon intensity of gasoline and diesel. The Clean Fuel Standard will require liquid fossil fuel primary suppliers (i.e.,

Canada 199

Canada Cleaning Clean Fuel 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2019

At the end of 2016, Delphi Technologies entered production with its industry first 350 bar GDi system, which reduces exhaust particulates by up to 70% compared with industry-standard 200 bar systems. —Walter Piock, chief engineer, Gasoline Systems, Delphi Technologies. Delphi 500+ bar GDi injector.

Emissions 257

Emissions Gasoline Fuel Exhaust 257

Green Car Congress

MAY 22, 2019

Low-speed electric vehicles (LSEVs) could reduce China’s demand for gasoline and, in turn, impact global oil prices, according to a new issue brief by an expert in the Center for Energy Studies at Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy. “ million of them—roughly 30% more units than conventional electric vehicle makers did.

Oil Prices 330

Oil Prices Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Oil 330

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2018

Gasoline is one of the products refined from crude oil. Thus, the price of crude oil should have a strong influence on the price of gasoline. However, the retail price of gasoline includes other costs as well. Gasoline prices are also influenced by gasoline demand relative to gasoline supply.

Oil Prices 220

Oil Prices Gasoline Oil Price 220

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 17, 2017

Fuel from True Zero ’s hydrogen-fueling stations during 2016 powered more than 3.7 million zero emission fuel-cell-car miles in California, eliminating more than 2.3 The Sustainability Analysis Label show the entire lifecycle impacts of various vehicle fuels based on the Argonne National Labs GREET model.

2016 150

2016 California Miles Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2022

Sales of gasoline-powered models will start this winter, and e-POWER models are to start in spring. Nissan first introduced a Serena e-POWER model in 2018 ( earlier post )—the second second model with the e-POWER system, which was first introduced in the Nissan Note in Japan in 2016. e-Power vehicles do not use grid charging.

Japan 433

Japan Nissan Powered Power 433

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2017

A paper on their study is published in the journal Fuel. A paper on their study is published in the journal Fuel. Although it has a consistent quality and near-zero sulfur and heavy metals, GTL naphtha has a low octane rating, making it unsuitable for blending in gasoline. In this study, four gasoline fuels containing up to 23.5

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Emissions Fuel 2016 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 5, 2019

US regular retail gasoline prices averaged $2.72 per gallon (gal) in 2018, 30 cents/gal (13%) higher than in 2017 and 57 cents/gal higher than in 2016. In 5 of the 10 cities for which EIA collects weekly retail price data, gasoline prices exceeded $3.00/gal Gulf Coast retail gasoline prices tend to be the lowest in the country.

Gasoline 236

Gasoline San Francisco 2017 Price 236

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2016

comparable to high octane gasoline, and a volumetric net heat of combustion 34% higher than ethanol. g/100 mL—nearly an order of magnitude lower than the common gasoline oxygenate methyl tert-butyl ether. 2016), “Renewable Gasoline, Solvents, and Fuel Additives from 2,3-Butanediol,” ChemSusChem doi: 10.1002/cssc.201600225.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Renewable Convert Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2015

Blue Bird will begin production of its first Type C Vision bus fueled by compressed natural gas (CNG) in 2016. V10 engine and 6R140 transmission with ROUSH CleanTech’s fuel system. V10 engine and 6R140 transmission with ROUSH CleanTech’s fuel system.

2016 150

2016 Fuel Production Maintenance 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 23, 2017

Now, a study commissioned by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) from eia.gov (a global provider of analysis on energy and commodities), finds that since the early 2000s, China’s consumption of methanol in fuel products has risen sharply. The report estimates consumption to have been more than 500,000 barrels per day (b/d) in 2016.

2000 150

2000 2016 Fuel China 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). California currently limits the ethanol content of gasoline to 10 percent. SULEV30, ULEV50, ULEV70, and ULEV125).

Fuel Economy 186

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2016

Researchers from the University of Illinois and colleagues in China investigating the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a port fuel-injection SI engine fueled with isopropanol-n-butanol-ethanol (IBE)-gasoline blends have concluded that an IBE30 blend could be a good alternative to gasoline.

Alternative Fuels 150

Alternative Fuels Gasoline Fuel Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 8, 2017

The SOLETAIR project ( earlier post ) has produced its first 200 liters of synthetic fuel from solar energy and the air’s carbon dioxide via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The mobile chemical pilot plant produces gasoline, diesel, and kerosene from regenerative hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The SOLETAIR project started in 2016.

Solar 386

Solar Fuel Finland CO2 386

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2018

Audi remains convinced of the potential of the fuels e-gas, “e-benzin” (e-gasoline) and e-diesel and is continuing to pursue its e-fuels strategy. galons US), the largest batch yet produced—of synthetic Audi e-gasoline for initial engine tests. Like all Audi e-fuels, the new fuel has many advantages.

Audi 199

Audi Gasoline Global Engine 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2015

Proposed Renewable Fuels Volumes (million gallons). Total renewable fuel. Total renewable fuel. Total renewable fuel. For example: The proposed 2016 standard for cellulosic biofuel—those fuels with the lowest GHG emissions profile—is six times higher than actual 2014 volumes. Cellulosic biofuel.

2014 150

2014 2016 EPA Renewable 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 9, 2017

According to projections in US Energy Information Administration’s (EIA’s) most recent Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO), the average US household expenditure on gasoline in 2017 will total $1,977, or approximately 2.4% The most recent peak for household gasoline expenditures was $2,715, or 4.0% of mean incomes of households.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline 2017 2012 Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

In 2017, emissions from GHG emitting activities statewide were 424 million metric tons of CO 2 equivalent (MMTCO 2 e), 5 MMTCO 2 e lower than 2016 levels and 7 MMTCO 2 e below the 2020 GHG Limit of 431 MMTCO 2 e. Compared to 2016, California’s GDP grew 3.6% while the carbon intensity of its economy declined by 4.5%.

2017 230

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions 230

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2018

This rise in average CO 2 emissions correlates with a decrease in demand for diesel cars across Europe—which produce lower CO 2 emissions than gasoline cars—and the rising popularity of SUVs, which emit higher average CO 2 emissions of 133.0 g/km, compared to gasoline cars, which had an average of 123.4 g/km CO 2 emitted.

Gasoline 244

Gasoline Diesel Emissions Europe 244

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2016

Gasoline compression ignition—i.e., igniting gasoline purely by compression, as with a diesel, rather by using a spark—is a promising, high-efficiency, low-temperature combustion mode that offers low engine-out NO x and soot. 1500 rpm, 10 mg fuel/cylinder/cycle, representative of a 2 bar BMEP low-load condition.

Gasoline 239

Gasoline Fuel Fusion Engine 239

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 6, 2017

US energy-related CO 2 emissions decreased by 89 million metric tons (MMmt), from 5,259 MMmt in 2015 to 5,170 MMmt in 2016. Emissions have declined in 6 out of the past 10 years, and energy‐related CO 2 emissions in 2016 were 823 MMmt (14%) below 2005 levels, according to the EIA. Transportation increase led by gasoline consumption.

2016 150

2016 CO2 Emissions Transportation 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2014

The City of Indianapolis will upgrade 425 non-police-pursuit sedans in its muncipal fleet to plug-in hybrid and battery electric vehicles by early 2016, cut the size of the fleet by 100 vehicles, and save $8.7 The City will replace 100 vehicles by the end of this year and 425 vehicles by the beginning of 2016. million over ten years.

Indianapolis 287

Indianapolis 2016 Fleet PHEV 287

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2018

Corning Incorporated’s Environmental Technologies business reached a significant production milestone at its Kaiserslautern, Germany manufacturing facility with the production of its 1 millionth Corning DuraTrap GC gasoline particulate filter (GPF) for automotive emissions control.

Gasoline 186

Gasoline Production China Exhaust 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 31, 2019

million settlement with Tesoro Refining & Marketing, LLC for violating the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS). The LCFS requires that regulated fuel producers report the carbon generated in the production of transportation fuels sold in California. The LCFS encourages the use of cleaner, low-carbon fuels in California.

Carbon 223

Carbon California Standards Fuel 223

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2016

While achieving LTC with diesel fuel over a wide operating range has been shown to be difficult for several reasons, gasoline, with its high volatility and low chemical reactivity, offers a more attractive fuel option for LTC. The paper is available for download from the International Journal of Engine Research.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Fuel Diesel Engine 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 26, 2016

ExxonMobil will increase production of ultra-low sulfur fuels at its Beaumont, Texas refinery by approximately 40,000 barrels per day, further strengthening its integrated downstream portfolio while meeting environmental standards. Startup of the flexible technology is expected in 2018.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Production Fuel Texas 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

The researchers assessed the gaseous, particulate, and genotoxic pollutants from two current technology gasoline direct injection vehicles when tested in their original configuration and with a catalyzed gasoline particulate filter (GPF). In the study, the team used two MY 2016 passenger cars. Yang et al. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 253

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy 253

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 15, 2021

jointly announced that, toward the achievement of carbon neutrality, they will take on the challenge of expanding fuel options through the use of internal combustion engines at the (three-hour) Super Taikyu Race in Okayama on 13-14 November. Participating in races using carbon-neutral fuels. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.,

Mazda 387

Mazda Hydrogen Toyota Transportation 387

Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2018

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) announced that greenhouse gas emissions in California in 2016 fell below 1990 levels for the first time since emissions peaked in 2004—a reduction roughly equivalent to taking 12 million cars off the road or saving 6 billion gallons of gasoline a year.

2004 225

2004 2016 Emissions California 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2018

EPA recently released the latest edition of its annual report Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Fuel Economy Trends. The report is the authoritative reference for real-world fuel economy, technology trends and tailpipe carbon dioxide emissions, for new personal vehicles sold in the US every year since 1975.

Fuel Economy 261

Fuel Economy Economy EPA Fuel 261

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2016

A team at the Clean Combustion Research Center (CCRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia, is proposing the use of terpineol as an octane booster for gasoline in a spark ignited (SI) engine. They also studied fuel ignition properties in an ignition quality tester (IQT). —Vallinayagam et al.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Saudi Arabia Downsizing Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2017

million barrels per day (b/d) in 2016, will average 9.2 For summer 2017, EIA forecasts motor gasoline consumption to average 9.5 increase in fleet-wide vehicle fuel efficiency. EIA expects that domestic refinery production, including gasoline blendstock output, will be about 20,000 b/d lower this summer than last summer.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Gasoline-Electric Production Oil 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 23, 2016

The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) expects that motor gasoline consumption in the US will remain below the 2007 peak despite an increase in travel. EIA attributes the outcome largely to improvements in light-duty vehicle fuel economy. STEO forecasts motor gasoline consumption to average 9.23 below its 2007 level.

2007 150

2007 Gasoline Fuel Economy 2016 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2017

According to a new report from Navigant Research, sales for plug-in electric buses increased 40% from 2016 to 2017, as the technology on offer from bus companies has improved in performance and in price. The difference is made up by the stronger sales growth expected in all alternative fuel buses.

2017 186

2017 Plug-in 2016 Plug 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2019

New 2018 data from the California Air Resources Board (CARB) indicates that the state’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) continues to drive production of a growing volume of cleaner transportation fuels for California consumers. The 2018 data also shows fuel producers are in 100% compliance with the LCFS. To date almost 3.3

Cleaner 207

Cleaner California Carbon Standards 207