2015, Ozone and Universal

York study: Less traffic in first UK lockdown reduced NO2 pollution but caused increase in surface ozone

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 27, 2020

Less traffic on the roads during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the UK led to a reduction in air pollution but may have caused potentially damaging surface ozone levels to rise, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of York. The problem is being created by the change in chemistry between NO x and O 3.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution 2020 2015

UB study finds link between ambient ozone exposure, artery wall thickness

Green Car Congress

MAY 31, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient ozone appears to accelerate arterial conditions that progress into cardiovascular disease and stroke, according to a new University at Buffalo study. The study found that chronic exposure to ozone was associated with a progression of thickening of the main artery that supplies blood to the head and neck.

Ozone

Ozone Los Angeles North Carolina New York City

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2020

Large improvements of air quality in China during the lockdown have been widely reported, but new research shows that two pollutants harmful to human health—fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and ozone—were only slightly reduced. and ozone were only slightly reduced or barely affected.

Ozone

Ozone China Pollution 2020

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. The findings associated ozone exposure with markers of platelet activation and increased blood pressure.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Connect Connected

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 12, 2018

A team from Duke University in the US and University of York in the UK have utilized a novel method to estimate long-term ozone exposure and previously reported epidemiological results to quantify the health burden from long-term ozone exposure in three major regions of the world. —Seltzer et al.

Ozone

Ozone 2015 United States Europe

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Industry Industrial

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2016

The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem.

Ozone

Ozone Oil Gas Emissions

PM2.5, O3 pollution associated with development of Alzheimer’s disease; new study identifies evolving axonal damage

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2018

and ozone at or above the current standards have been linked to neuroinflammation and high risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A 2015 study found a 138% risk of increase of AD per increase of 4.34 ?g/m Exposures to concentrations of PM 2.5 g/m 3 in PM 2.5 g/m 3 in PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Mexico Montana

Study finds some refrigerants less damaging to ozone layer can degrade to long-lived GHG CF4

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2015

Some of the substitutes for ozone-damaging chemicals that being phased out worldwide under international agreements are themselves potent greenhouse gases and contribute to warming. Burkholder (2015) “An atmospheric photochemical source of the persistent greenhouse gas CF4” Geophysical Research Letters doi: 10.1002/2015GL066193.

Ozone

Ozone Colorado Gas Carbon

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. The team also observed chemical transformations of the emissions from Decatur, including formation of new particles, nitric acid, peroxyacyl nitrates, aldehydes, ozone and sulfate aerosol. —Joost de Gouw. de Gouw et al.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH).

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine and other institutions have conducted a statistical analysis of pollution exposure and yields from 1980 to 2015 on a key sector making up about 38% of the state’s total agricultural output: perennial crops such as almonds, grapes, nectarines, peaches, strawberries and walnuts.

Ozone

Ozone Davis San Diego Pollution

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. As a result, they reported that they had almost completely eliminated HFC-23 emissions by 2017.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone India 2017

Study warns on possible air pollution link to neuroinflammatory, Alzheimer and Parkinson’s pathologies in megacity children

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2014

Children living in polluted megacities are at increased risk for brain inflammation and neurodegenerative changes, including Alzheimer or Parkinson’s disease, according to a study led by University of Montana Professor Dr. Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas and her colleagues. Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas et al.

Pollution

Pollution Mexico Los Angeles New York City

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers. —Jiang et al.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. 15, 9983-9996, doi: 10.5194/acp-15-9983-2015. Hopkins, J. Lidster, R.

London

London Pollution Diesel Emissions

Study finds children’s exposure to urban air pollution results in early hallmarks of Alzheimer’s

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2015

In the US, 200 million people live in areas where pollutants such as ozone and fine particulate matter exceed the standards. Children living in cities with significant air pollution are at an increased risk for detrimental impacts to the brain, including short-term memory loss and lower IQ. —Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas.

Pollution

Pollution Mexico Montana Ozone

New study finds asthma morbidity in children is enhanced in areas with high traffic-related air pollution near the home

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2015

Results from a new study by researchers at the University of California Irvine support a growing body of scientific literature indicating that sensitive populations, including children, certain ethnic groups and people of lower socioeconomic status, are more vulnerable to the effects of high exposures to traffic-related air pollution.

Pollution

Pollution California Ozone Davis

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

Other ancillary studies were led by Dr. Jeffrey Bemis, of Litron Laboratories, Rochester, New York; Dr. Lance Hallberg, of the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; and Dr. Daniel Conklin, of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky. These ancillary studies evaluated endpoints not examined in the core study.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

These projects have brought together a wide variety of companies, the national laboratories, and universities. The achievement of this goal should be extended from 2015 to 2020 in order to have sufficient time to carry out R&D on this stretch goal. These new targets need to be set for the research efforts.

MPG

MPG Fuel 2009 Miles

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

and ozone deaths, associated mortality rates, and population in G20 economies in 2015. and ozone worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015, equivalent to 11.7% and ozone premature deaths in 2010 and 11.4% and ozone concentrations from transportation emissions resulted in 7.8 Transportation-attributable PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2018

Air pollution—specifically PM 2.5 , ozone and NO 2 —could be to blame for up to 33 million emergency asthma attack visits to hospital a year, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone International Aura

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2017

in collaboration with scientists at the University of York’s Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI); University of Colorado; and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, assessed 30 studies of vehicle emissions under real-world driving conditions in 11 major vehicle markets representing 80% of new diesel vehicle sales in 2015.

Diesel

Diesel International Emissions Ozone

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2018

Ozone, another important component of outdoor air pollution, whose levels are on the rise around the world, contributed to 234,000 deaths from chronic lung disease. Population-weighted seasonal average ozone concentrations in 2016. Worldwide exposure to PM 2.5 contributed to 4.1 State of Global Air 2018.

Pollution

Pollution Coal 2016 India

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

Green Car Congress

MARCH 12, 2019

Using a new method of modeling the effects of various sources of outdoor air pollution on death rates, the researchers found that it caused an estimated 790,000 extra deaths in the whole of Europe in 2015 and 659,000 deaths in the 28 Member States of the European Union (EU-28). million deaths in 2015. They focused particularly on PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Europe Cyprus Bulgaria

Air pollution may shorten survival of patients with lung cancer

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2016

Air pollution may shorten the survival of patients with lung cancer, suggests a population-based study by a team from the University of Southern California published in the journal Thorax. Participants’ average exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), particulate matter of less than 10 um, and less than 2.5

Pollution

Pollution 2016 Ozone California

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

A few studies also include other relevant impact indicators as acidification potential, eutrophication potential, ozone depletion potential and various toxicity potentials. Other observations included: Most studies only include energy consumption (sometimes only non-renewable energy, sometimes total energy) and CO 2 emissions. Turner et al.,

Conversion

Conversion Water Emissions 2009

EV Driven

York study: Less traffic in first UK lockdown reduced NO2 pollution but caused increase in surface ozone

UB study finds link between ambient ozone exposure, artery wall thickness

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

PM2.5, O3 pollution associated with development of Alzheimer’s disease; new study identifies evolving axonal damage

Study finds some refrigerants less damaging to ozone layer can degrade to long-lived GHG CF4

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Study warns on possible air pollution link to neuroinflammatory, Alzheimer and Parkinson’s pathologies in megacity children

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Study finds children’s exposure to urban air pollution results in early hallmarks of Alzheimer’s

New study finds asthma morbidity in children is enhanced in areas with high traffic-related air pollution near the home

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

Air pollution may shorten survival of patients with lung cancer

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

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