Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2016

The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem.

Ozone 150

Ozone Oil Gas Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 9, 2013

The California Energy Commission unanimously adopted the 2013-2014 Investment Plan Update to support the development and use of green vehicles and alternative fuels. 20 million for hydrogen fueling infrastructure.

Green Vehicles 295

Green Vehicles California 2014 2013 295

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 7, 2019

related damages, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University and Stanford have found that, US-economy-wide, gross external damage (GED) due to premature mortality has decreased by more than 20% from 2008 to 2014. GED was calculated for the 3 most recent NEI years: 2008, 2011, and 2014. In a new study of PM 2.5 Tschofen et al.

2008 223

2008 2014 Pollution Economy 223

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2022

The San Joaquin Valley has been attainment for Carbon Monoxide (CO) since 1994, reached attainment for the federal PM 10 standard in 2008, and demonstrated attainment of the federal 1-hour ozone standard in 2014. The District is currently working on reaching attainment for the federal 8-hour ozone and PM 2.5 standards.

Cleaning 283

Cleaning Clean Ozone Fresno 283

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2014

The purpose of the federal RFG program is to improve air quality in certain areas through the use of gasoline that is reformulated to reduce motor vehicle emissions that lead to the formation of ground-level ozone. States which are designated by EPA as part of the Ozone Transport Region, such as Maine, can “opt-in” to the program.

EPA 239

EPA Gasoline Ozone District of Columbia 239

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2011

By 2014, the rule and other state and EPA actions will reduce SO 2 emissions by 73% from 2005 levels. reductions; annual NO x reductions; and ozone-season NO x. Ozone Season NO x Power Plant Emissions. The benefits outweigh the $800 million projected to be spent annually on this rule in 2014 and the roughly $1.6

Pollution 199

Pollution EPA Transportation Ozone 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2012

NO x emissions are important because of their role in the formation of ozone and secondary PM. Ozone and PM contribute to significant respiratory and public health problems. All work must be completed by 30 June 2014. Locomotives as a source category are ranked 6 th for the levels of contribution to California NO x emissions.

California 199

California Ozone Pollution EPA 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2012

The plant will start production in the first quarter of 2014. In addition, the plant will house a regional sample laboratory and a production line for BASF’s Premair-branded ozone destruction catalysts for automotive applications.

Emissions 236

Emissions Poland Building Production 236

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2014

ska facility are Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems; advanced SCR on Filter (SCRoF) solutions; and PremAir-branded ozone destruction catalysts for automotive applications. The plant began production trials in April 2014, and last month started up two emissions catalysts manufacturing lines, with an initial employee base of 100.

Diesel 210

Diesel Gasoline Emissions Ozone 210

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2014

million of Fiscal Year 2013 funds ( FTA-2014-001-TRI ) for the deployment of low- or no-emission (LoNo) transit buses. An Eligible Area for the awards is either: Designated as a non-attainment area for ozone or carbon monoxide under section 107(d) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. Of that amount, $21.6 7407(d)); or.

Emissions 268

Emissions Ozone Maintenance Hydrogen 268

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

Ethane reacts with sunlight and other molecules in the atmosphere to form ozone, which at the surface can cause respiratory problems, eye irritation and other ailments and damage crops. Between 2005 and 2014, the Bakken’s oil production jumped by a factor of 3,500, and its gas production by 180.

Ozone 150

Ozone Global Emissions North Dakota 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

lower ozone formation potential of the carbonyl compounds present than DF under the identical operating conditions. Bin Hao, Chonglin Song, Gang Lv, Bo Li, Xiaofang Liu, Kan Wang, Yaowu Liu (2014) “Evaluation of the reduction in carbonyl emissions from a diesel engine using Fischer–Tropsch fuel synthesized from coal,” Fuel Vol.

Coal 210

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2014

The First Update will be presented to the Board on 22 May 2014 for consideration for approval. Achieving our long-term climate goal and 2032 ozone standards will require a much deeper penetration of ZEVs into the fleet. The Air Resources Board is required to update the Scoping Plan every five years.

Climate Change 218

Climate Change Climate California Ozone 218

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2014

ozone enable uniform nucleation of Si on CNTs. ozone (UVO) to CNT yarns with controlled porosity. Chuan-Fu Sun, Hongli Zhu, Morihiro Okada, Karen Gaskell, Yoku Inoue, Liangbing Hu, and YuHuang Wang (2014) “Interfacial Oxygen Stabilizes Composite Silicon Anodes,” Nano Letters doi: 10.1021/nl504242k. Credit: ACS, Sun et al.

Maryland 255

Maryland Li-ion F-150 Batteries 255

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 21, 2013

As with its predecessor legislation, the MAP-21 provides funding to areas in non-attainment or maintenance for ozone, carbon monoxide, and/or particulate matter. billion in CMAQ funding for each year of the authorization-2013 and 2014. The MAP-21 provides just over $2.2

Colorado 250

Colorado Fuel Oklahoma Ozone 250

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners—play a role in creating a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. 2014), Recent and future trends in synthetic greenhouse gas radiative forcing, Geophys. —Ronald Prinn. Rigby, M., 41, doi: 10.1002/2013GL059099.

Climate 199

Climate Ozone Climate Change Emissions 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2014

In 2011, 231 counties in the US exceeded the EPA’s regulatory standards for ozone, the main component of smog. Selin (2014) “A systems approach to evaluating the air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies” Nature Climate Change doi: 10.1038/nclimate2342. 14, 969–978 doi: 10.5194/acp-14-969-2014. Saari & Noelle E.

MIT 231

MIT Carbon Climate Climate Change 231

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2019

The US Army Corps of Engineers estimates that, as of 2014, there were approximately 9,000 Category 1 and 2 marine vessels operating on US waters. The EPA estimates that, as of 2014, 81% of Category 1 and 2 workboats used older, uncontrolled or Tier 1 diesel engines, which are 10 times higher in emissions than a modern Tier 4 diesel engine.

Mariner 223

Mariner EPA Emissions Engine 223

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2015

Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) include methane, tropospheric ozone, black carbon, and fluorinated gases. They are powerful climate forcers that remain in the atmosphere for a much shorter period of time than carbon dioxide. Their global warming potential (GWP) can be tens to thousands of times greater than that of carbon dioxide.

Pollution 150

Pollution Climate Concept California 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2011

The cap then declines about 2% in 2014 and then about 3% annually from 2015 to 2020. To ensure a gradual transition, ARB will provide the majority of allowances to all industrial sources during the initial period (2013-2014), using a calculation that rewards the most efficient companies. business-as-usual.

2012 218

2012 California Climate Change Climate 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2015

Specifically, the proposed rule updates the current prohibition under section 608 of the Clean Air Act against knowingly venting, releasing or disposing of ozone-depleting (ODS) and substitute refrigerants and extends the requirements, as appropriate, to non-ozone-depleting substitute refrigerants, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).

EPA 150

EPA Emissions Global Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

We estimate ozone and SOA formation potential. For the study, the team collected data from 82 light-duty gasoline vehicles spanning a wide range of model years (1988−2014); vehicle types (passenger cars and light-duty trucks); engine technologies (GDI and PFI); emission certification standards (Tier1 to SULEV), and manufacturers.

Fleet 207

Fleet Engine Fuel Economy Global 207

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

To ensure a gradual transition, ARB says it will provide significant free allowances to all industrial sources during the initial period (2012-2014). Companies that need additional allowances to cover their emissions can purchase them at regular quarterly auctions ARB will conduct, or buy them on the market.

California 218

California Climate Climate Change Gas-Electric 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2014

Bingbing Li, Xianfeng Gao, Jianyang Li, and Chris Yuan (2014) “Life Cycle Environmental Impact of High-Capacity Lithium Ion Battery with Silicon Nanowires Anode for Electric Vehicles,” Environmental Science & Technology doi: 10.1021/es4037786. —Li et al.

Li-ion 265

Li-ion Batteries Battery Milwaukee 265

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

Air emissions from the natural gas life cycle include greenhouse gases, ozone precursors (volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides), air toxics, and particulates. Jackson (2014) “Air Impacts of Increased Natural Gas Acquisition, Processing, and Use: A Critical Review,” Environmental Science & Technology doi: 10.1021/es4053472.

Gas 218

Gas Oil-Sands Emissions Oil 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2017

billion people (54%) in 2014, live in urban areas, with an additional 2.5 Transportation is one of the largest contributors to urban air pollution for pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, benzene, ozone, and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ). More than half of the world population, 3.9 is attributable to motor vehicles.

Pollution 231

Pollution New Zealand Minnesota Ozone 231

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2015

Up to $23,658,000 is available for this project from FY 2014-15 funds. microns or less (PM 2.5 ); and NO x emissions that lead to ozone and secondary PM. The California Air Resources Board (ARB) announced a grant solicitation for Zero-Emission Truck and Bus Pilot Commercial Deployment Projects. emissions, and 5% of GHG emissions.

Grant 150

Grant Commercial Emissions California 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2010

The majority of California residents live in areas that do not meet permissible air quality levels for regulated air pollutants—mostly due to exceedances in atmospheric concentrations of ozone and particulate matter. New NMOG + NO x standard.

Emissions 186

Emissions California Fleet Vehicles 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

The transportation sector was responsible for over 7 million tons of NO x emissions in the US in 2014, with 50% of this sector’s NO x attributed to heavy-duty on- and off-road vehicles and equipment. NO x is a precursor for both ground level ozone and secondary PM 2.5 Chart: MECA.

Emissions 291

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010 291

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 16, 2016

In order to achieve the 2008 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards set by US EPA, CARB estimates that the South Coast Air Basin alone (including Los Angeles) will need an 80% reduction in NO x emissions by 2031. Truck sales were up in model years 2014 and 2015, the years covered under the first round of truck standards.

EPA 150

EPA Fuel Standards Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2015

Google Street View cars can be equipped with Aclima’s mobile sensing platform to measure nitrogen dioxide; nitric oxide; ozone; carbon monoxide; carbon dioxide; methane; black carbon; particulate matter; and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs).

Google 150

Google San Francisco Denver Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2023

For light-duty vehicles, EPA is proposing non-methane organic gases (NMOG) plus nitrogen oxides (NO x ) standards that would phase-down to a fleet average level of 12 mg/mi by MY 2032, representing a 60% reduction from the existing 30 mg/mi standards for MY 2025 established in the Tier 3 rule in 2014.

EPA 210

EPA Light Standards Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2009

NO x helps create ground-level ozone, or smog. Other sources of diesel particulate matter such as big rig trucks, transit buses, trash trucks, cargo-handling equipment and ship auxiliary engines have already been addressed through regulations, along with diesel fuel.

Diesel 170

Diesel Emissions California 2007 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2016

The Haifa region began air quality monitoring some 30 years ago; the metropolitan area now has the densest air quality monitoring network in Israel with 27 continuous monitoring stations that measure criteria pollutants including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, ozone, particulates and more. emissions in the region.

Israel 150

Israel Emissions Diesel Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

MARPOL Annex VI sets limits on NO x and SO x emissions from ship exhaust, and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone-depleting substances. Most recently MARPOL was amended through the “1997 Protocol,” which added Annex VI, Regulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships. Earlier post.).

Pollution 150

Pollution Emissions Fuel Mariner 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

Also, Senate Bill 605 (Lara, 2014) requires ARB to develop a plan to reduce emissions of SLCPs, while SB 1383 requires the Board to complete and approve the plan by 1 January 2018. Since then Governor Brown signed SB 32 (Pavley), codifying a reductions target for statewide GHG emissions of 40 percent below 1990 emission levels by 2030.

Pollution 150

Pollution California Emissions Waste 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

A 2014 study by Weinbruch et al. Specifically, they proposed a method to assess the contribution of EVs to urban air quality in Belgium, compared to conventional vehicles of the same weight class; they modeled the effect on human toxicity (HT), photochemical ozone formation (POF) and particulate matter formation (PMF). Gehring, R.,

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric 150