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After a week-long meeting of an expert working group, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is part of the World Health Organization (WHO), classified diesel engine exhaust (DEE) as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), based on sufficient evidence that exposure is associated with an increased risk for lung cancer.
In a study of non-metal miners in the US, federal government scientists report that heavy exposure to diesel exhaust increased risk of death from lung cancer. For never-smokers, risk of lung cancer death increased with increasing diesel exhaust exposure. effect of diesel exhaust exposure on lung cancer mortality in.
The reduced complexity of the design of the new integrated exhaust manifold cylinder head ( bottom ) compared to the old ( top ). GM has combined the exhaust manifold with the cylinder head into a single aluminum casting in the 2012 Camaro 3.6L Exhaust flow is 10% better than the previous V6. Click to enlarge.
In 2012, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is part of the World Health Organization (WHO), classified diesel engine exhaust (DEE) as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). Earlier post.). —Vermeulen et al. Roel Vermeulen, Debra T. Diesel Emissions Health'
A study by a team of researchers in the UK has estimated the contributions of brake dust, tire dust, and resuspended dust to non-exhaust traffic particles as. As a result, these non-exhaust emissions make up a similar proportion of the airborne particulate matter (PM) resulting from vehicle use as exhaust emissions.
At the Los Angeles Auto Show, Fiat unveiled the 2012 Fiat 500 Abarth—a performance variant of the 500—featuring the first application of the new 1.4-liter The 2012 Fiat 500 Abarth is also fitted with a heavy-duty five-speed manual transmission with Torque Transfer Control (TTC) system. liter MultiAir Turbo. liter engine.
2012 Sonic. The 2012 Chevrolet Sonic with the Ecotec 1.4L The Sonic’s highway fuel economy makes it one of the most fuel-efficient small cars in the market, with fuel economy equivalent to the 2012 Ford Fiesta SFE and on a par with the 2012 Hyundai Accent. Click to enlarge. turbo delivers an EPA-estimated 40 mpg US (5.9
The selected 17 awards represent the best of nearly 1,000 ideas submitted for the FY 2012/13 Broad Based Topic Solicitation, DOE said. Hybrid Electric Turbocharger for Exhaust Energy Recovery and Transient Lag Reduction. A Novel Exhaust after Treatment Catalyst. Lead organization. Description. Mainstream Engineering Corp.
A team of researchers in Germany has found that the mutagenicity of diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is eliminated in the gas phase by a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), but only slightly reduced in the particle phase. This can be achieved by direct measurement of the exhaust components.
Researchers in Germany and Finland report the first online measurement of gaseous sulfuric acid (GSA) in the exhaust gas of a modern heavy-duty diesel engine in an effort to quantify the role of low-vapor-pressure gases in the formation of nucleation particles (NUP). of hydrocarbons) significantly. of hydrocarbons) significantly. Resources.
Contrary to expectations, exhaust from gasoline vehicles contributes more to the production of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) than exhaust from diesel vehicles, according to a new study by scientists from the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), NOAA’s Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) and other colleagues.
Under laboratory-simulated diesel exhaust conditions, this mixed-phase oxide material was superior to Pt in terms of cost, thermal durability, and catalytic activity for NO oxidation. Oxidation of engine-generated NO to NO 2 is critical in diesel engine emission control for reducing NO x and carbon soot from the tail-pipe exhaust.
2012 Prius Plug-in hybrid. With seating for five, the 2012 Prius Plug-in hybrid is expected to achieve a manufacturer-estimated 87 mpge (miles per gallon equivalent) in combined driving and 49 mpg in hybrid mode, or 2.7 With lower exhaust heat, heat efficiency was enhanced, and consequently, fuel efficiency was enhanced as well.
Their SOFC system can be operated without consuming the anode fuel (a reductant) at temperatures near that of the engine exhaust to eliminate the need for reductant refilling and extra heating. The NO x concentration in the exhaust of an automotive gasoline engine with spark ignition can be as high as 4000 ppm. —Huang et al.
With SCR twin dosing technology in the exhaust gas system, the diesel unit now undercuts the Euro 6d emission standard limits while also running quietly and smoothly, according to the company. The four-cylinder TDI engine with the internal designation EA 288 made its debut in 2012. As previously, the 2.0 This has a volume of 3.4
Renault is introducing three new Energy engines ( earlier post ) in its Mégane Collection 2012: the new turbocharged, gasoline direct-injection Energy TCE 115 di; the Energy dCi 130; and the Energy dCi 110, with NEDC fuel consumption of 3.5 Versions of Mégane Collection 2012 powered by this engine consume 5.3 Click to enlarge.
The transient results illustrate the gradual formation of the nucleation mode particles with continuous increase in exhaust temperatures. Diesel particulate filters (DPF) and urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) exhaust after-treatment systems thus have emerged as feasible strategies to meet the 2010 USEPA regulations.
The European Union-funded PowerDriver project—a two-year, €3-million (US$4-million) research project initiated in February 2012 to turn exhaust gas waste heat into electricity using thermoelectric generator (TGEN) technology—has completed simulation work on on a potential automotive application.
2012 Honda Civic Natural Gas. The all-new 2012 Honda Civic Natural Gas (formally known as the Civic GX), the only dedicated natural gas-powered passenger vehicle manufactured and sold in the US, will go on sale at qualified Honda dealerships nationwide on 18 October with a Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) starting at $26,155.
Performance levels of the new NH 2 are more than equal to those of a tractor similar size with a conventional engine, according to New Holland, without the operational exhaust emissions. La Bellotta Energy Independent Farm.
An exhaust manifold cast into the cylinder head. The one-piece assembly lowers the temperature of the exhaust gases. Full volume production is slated for the first quarter of 2012. An advanced, Ford-designed split cooling system that allows the cylinder block to warm up before the cylinder head.
Their paper was presented at the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division 2012 Fall Technical Conference by Marcello Canova, assistant professor at OSU; lead author was Philipp Skarke, from the University of Stuttgart Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering. Exhaust gas exergy map of EcoCAR engine.
A new Low Emissions Package that qualifies the 2012 Chevrolet Volt to access California’s High Occupancy Vehicle traffic lanes will be standard on all models sold in the Golden State early next year. Earlier post.). The additional oxygen helps the catalytic converter remove even more pollutants.
Secondly, the central combustion chamber is benefit for highly efficient scavenging via intake and exhaust ports without using valves. —Ling Huang 2012. Huang 2012. Ling Huang (2012) An Opposed-Piston Free-Piston Linear Generator Development for HEV (SAE 2012-01-1021) doi: 10.4271/2012-01-1021.
In December 2012, the US Army Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) awarded Achates Power, Inc., Since the pistons cyclically expose or occlude the exhaust and intake ports, there is no valve train. During blow down, the intake is closed so only exhaust gas leaves the cylinder via the exhaust ports.
The TEG technology, which converts waste heat from gas exhaust into electric energy and has the potential to improve passenger car fuel efficiency by as much as 5%. TEG & Exhaust System in Lincoln MKT. Thermoelectric Waste Heat Recovery Program for Passenger Vehicles ”, 2012 Vehicle Technologies Program Annual Merit Review.
The VEMB system uses a concentric camshaft, blow-down manifold and scavenge manifold to separate the exhaust event into two phases: high-energy blow-down to the turbo without pumping losses, and high-hydrocarbon scavenge to the EGR system. Source: Borgwarner. Click to enlarge. and Sisson, J. and Becker, M.,
If the best teams, as last was the case in the 2012 season that saw only brief safety car periods, covered 378 laps, then Audi’s high-performance TDI engine would have 317.52 Since 2012, the diesel hybrid drive of the R18 e-tron quattro has been unbeaten at La Sarthe. Click to enlarge. when the boost pressure limit has been reached.
Engineers at Toyota Motor Corporation in Japan have determined that cooling the upper part of the cylinder liner on the exhaust side is an effective way to improve anti-knock quality—opening the way to improved engine thermal efficiency. The team presented a paper on their investigation at the recent SAE 2012 World Congress.
report not only the superior emission characteristics of the Fischer–Tropsch fuels, but also evidence that higher exhaust gas recirculation and lower excess air ratios will be a key concept of both engine and aftertreatment optimization for further fuel consumption improvement.
liter engine in the Focus in Europe in early 2012 with 100 PS (99 hp, 74 kW) and 120 PS (118 hp, 88 kW) and 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions respectively. liter engine will be provided closer to market launch across Europe in early 2012. Ford will introduce two versions of the 1.0-liter
A team from Université d’Orléans (France) and IFP Energies nouvelles reports that exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) stratification may be used as a control parameter for combustion speed and therefore may contribute to the extension of the homogeneous charge compression ignition operating range. —André et al.
Source: SwRI, DEER 2012. During its recent Innovation Day presentations ( earlier post ), PSA Peugeot Citroën announced that it will commercialize high-efficiency gasoline engines featuring dedicated exhaust gas recirculation (D-EGR), derived from a collaborative program with SwRI in the US. Click to enlarge. PSA concept D-EGR engine.
has several new parts, including a new water-cooled variable-geometry turbocharger; a new high-pressure common-rail fuel delivery system; a new Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system; a new intake manifold; a new cylinder head; a new cylinder block; a new balancer shaft unit; and a new Engine Control Module (ECM). Click to enlarge.
The 2013 Chevrolet Malibu Eco with eAssit ( earlier post ) will be the first model of the new 2013 Malibu lineup to reach dealer showrooms in North America, starting in the first quarter of 2012. The 2013 Malibu Eco is the first Chevrolet vehicle to feature eAssist, GM’s light electrification system already introduced in the Buick lineup.
Technology changes related to revised emissions standards for heavy-duty trucks are causing an increase in heavy-duty truck engine problems and a decrease in overall satisfaction with the powertrain, according to the JD Power and Associates 2012 US Heavy-Duty Truck Engine and Transmission Study. The 2012 U.S. mpg in 2011.
Global automotive supplier DENSO has developed a new exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve unit that is the first to integrate an air intake throttle valve and an EGR valve; the new unit is half the size of conventional models and requires fewer components, thus reducing costs. DENSO’s new EGR valve unit is designed for LPL EGR systems.
Achieving these goals enabled vehicle integration that can tune primary engine orders in the induction and exhaust systems to meet specific vehicle objectives. The exhaust side shaft features cast iron gears to reverse rotational direction of the exhaust shaft. Production of the new 1.6
Mark Sellnau, Engineering Manager of Advanced Powertrain Technology at Delphi Powertrain, reported on the progress with GDCI at both the SAE 2012 High Efficiency IC Engines Symposium and the SAE 2012 World Congress in Detroit this week. Engines 5(2) doi: 10.4271/2012-01-0384. For all tests, intake air temperature was 50 C.
Due to the lower exhaust enthalpy of lower temperature engines using PPCI, it is difficult to produce intake boost with acceptable boost system parasitis. A practical powertrain system with robust PPCI combustion is needed, including injection, valvetrain, boost, and exhaust subsystems. Camtronic 2012. i-DTEC Diesel 2012.
The first study to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of lifetime exposure to new technology diesel exhaust (NTDE)—i.e., exhaust from heavy-duty diesel engines meeting EPA 2007 and later emissions requirements—has found no evidence of carcinogenic lung tumors. This phase was conducted at SwRI in 2012.
Contribution of gasoline and diesel exhaust to SOA over 0% to 50% diesel fuel use. The study determined that, depending on a region’s fuel use, diesel exhaust is responsible for 65% to 90% of vehicular-derived SOA, with substantial contributions from aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Gentner et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).
In the previous model, some of the gasoline engines were mounted with a forward tilt of 10 degrees, and their exhaust side faced the radiator grille, while the exhaust side of the TDI engine faced the bulkhead. The turbocharger was redesigned for the use of low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation. Click to enlarge.
The SQ5 TDI was first introduced in the fall of 2012 as the first Audi S model powered by a diesel engine. An actuator in the exhaust system, as fitted to the first SQ5 TDI, gives the V6 a sonorous sound. This offers the advantage since exhaust gas cleaning responds more quickly. lb-ft) of torque. Many details of the V6 3.0
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