Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2010

Reflecting the ongoing sluggish economic recovery, US gasoline deliveries for the first half of 2010 averaged 8.88 June gasoline deliveries of 9.18 June gasoline deliveries of 9.18 million barrels per day in 2010; June low-sulfur distillate deliveries surged 12.3% million barrels per day for June 2010.

2010 186

2010 Gasoline Alaska 2004 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2013

John Hofmeister, former President of Shell Oil Company and founder and CEO of Citizens for Affordable Energy (CFAE), is joining the Fuel Freedom Foundation (FFF) Advisory Board. There will not be enough oil to stay on the path we’re on globally over the short- and medium-, let alone the long-term. We need a competitor for oil.

Alternative Fuels 295

Alternative Fuels Oil Transportation Fuel 295

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2010

At the current pace of research and development, replacing gasoline and diesel with renewable fuel alternatives could take some 131 years, according to a new University of California, Davis, study using a new sustainability forecasting approach based on market expectations. The forecast was published online 8 Nov.

Davis 300

Davis Renewable Gasoline Diesel 300

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2011

in December 2010 against the same month in 2009 and up 2.3% for 2010 compared with 2009, according to the American Petroleum Institute (API). Both gasoline and diesel deliveries were up for full year 2010 over 2009, gasoline by 0.6% Also, US refiners set a record for annual gasoline production.

2010 210

2010 2009 Gasoline Alaska 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2012

The Nikkei reports that the nationwide average price in Japan for regular gasoline was ¥139.8 Prices at the pump are falling in Japan not only due to lower crude oil prices, but also because the widespread popularity of fuel-efficient vehicles has lowered demand for gasoline.A per liter ($6.65

Japan 258

Japan Gasoline Fuel Gasoline-Electric 258

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2010

The basic New Oil process. Louisiana-based startup New Oil Resources (NOR) is commercializing a near-critical (i.e., 320-390 °C, 200-420 bar) aqueous phase process which converts biomass containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin into a high-octane gasoline fraction. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge.

Oil 199

Oil Gasoline Commercial Conversion 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2010

Adding nickel and co-feeding H 2 increased gasoline yield 32% relative to a conventional catalyst. atm), the team found that gasoline production increased 32% relative to the standard Ecat. Thus, they conclude, a “ judicious choice of metal ” is vital for performance during vegetable oil cracking. Credit: Rao et al. Resources.

Gasoline 186

Gasoline Oil Production Hydrogen 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 21, 2013

Demand for gasoline rose 5.4% for “other oils.” Gasoline production rose 3.1% This was the second-highest output on record and just 63 thousand barrels per day below the all-time high set in July 2010. For year-to-date, gasoline production increased by 2.1% Crude oil stocks fell 1.0% to just under 4.0

Gasoline 246

Gasoline 2012 Oil Gas 246

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2010

Toyota introduced the Auris Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) at the 2010 Geneva motor show, marking a significant milestone in Toyota’s planned deployment of the Hybrid Synergy Drive powertrain across Toyota’s entire model range by early 2020s. liter diesel or gasoline hatchback. liter diesel or gasoline hatchback. Earlier post.).

2010 199

2010 Gasoline Toyota Diesel 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 8, 2010

Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Forestry have demonstrated an alternative technique for the production of drop-in fuels via the esterification of bio-oil produced by the cracking of soybean oil over a basic catalyst in a continuous pyrolysis reactor at atmospheric pressure. Bioresource Technology doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.147.

Oil 225

Oil Fuel Chinese Diesel 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2010

million barrels a day, US gasoline deliveries (a measure of demand) fell slightly (0.03%)in July 2010 compared with July 2009, continuing weak deliveries for the first half of the year, according to figures from the American Petroleum Institute (API). Except for 2008, it was the lowest July gasoline demand number since 2003.

Gasoline 210

Gasoline 2003 2004 2009 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 16, 2013

A chemical analysis indicates that the source of oil sheens recently found floating at the ocean’s surface near the site of the Gulf of Mexico Deepwater Horizon oil spill is pockets of oil trapped within the wreckage of the sunken rig. The results are published this week in the journal Environmental Science & Technology.

Oil 230

Oil Mexico 2010 2012 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2010

US refineries produced more gasoline in March 2009—at 9.3 March gasoline deliveries (a measure of demand) were higher—at 9.2 The highest amount of gasoline ever delivered was 9.6 The highest amount of gasoline ever delivered was 9.6 in February 2010 and 12.2% in January 2010. from a year ago.

Gasoline 186

Gasoline North Dakota Production 2009 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2011

Motor gasoline demand reached a low for any July over the past decade. over July 2010, led by a 15.1% Consumers aren’t spending, and jobless claims have increased, so it isn’t surprising gasoline demand was down and overall demand slipped a bit. US refinery gasoline production fell for the first time this year, down by 2.3%

Gasoline 207

Gasoline Motoring Motors Motor 207

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2010

The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates in the April 2010 release of its Short-Term Energy and Summer Fuels Outlook that CO 2 emissions from fossil fuels, which declined by 6.6% in 2010 and 1.1% EIA projects that world oil consumption will grow by 1.5 million barrels per day (bbl/d) in 2010 and 1.6

2008 186

2008 2010 Emissions Fuel 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2011

Exxon Mobil Corporation’s new The Outlook for Energy: A View to 2040 , released last week, projects that global energy demand in 2040 will be about 30% higher than it was in 2010 as population grows to 9 billion and global GDP doubles. By 2040, heavy duty fuel demand will be up about 60 percent versus 2010. L/100 km) by 2040.

Personal 408

Personal Global Transportation Fuel 408

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 23, 2011

million barrels a day) compared with August a year ago, with demand for gasoline and distillates moving in opposite directions, according to figures from the American Petroleum Institute (API). Gasoline demand fell by 1.3% On a year-to-date basis, gasoline demand was 2% lower than in 2010. compared with 2010.

Gasoline 186

Gasoline 2010 Oil 2011 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2010

Researchers from North Carolina A and T State University have converted swine manure to bio-oils by using ethanol as a solvent in an autoclave in the reaction temperature range of 240-360 °C without any catalyst. Bio-oils can be upgraded to transportation fuels. annual consumption of petroleum oil in the US. American J.

Oil 225

Oil North Carolina 2004 2005 225

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2010

Mexico’s state oil company, PEMEX Refining, has awarded ICA Fluor engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts for two low-sulfur gasoline projects in Mexico valued at $622 million as part of its clean fuels program. Fluor will book its $311 million portion of the award in the first quarter of 2010.

Gasoline 199

Gasoline Mexico Oil Clean 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 18, 2010

Transforming agricultural residues into next-generation ethanol and biochemicals could create up to one million jobs in the EU27 by 2020, while theoretically replacing up to 62% of the EU’s forecast fossil-based gasoline consumption, according to a new study released by Bloomberg New Energy Finance with the support of Novozymes and DSM.

Gasoline 253

Gasoline Europe 2020 2015 253

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2010

liter engine, the HR12DDR, which aims to achieve the lowest level of fuel consumption in the world for gasoline-powered cars while delivering power output equivalent to that of a 1.5L Click to enlarge. Nissan Motor Co., unveiled a newly developed 1.2-liter engine and CO 2 emissions of 95 grams per kilometer (New European Drive Cycle).

Gasoline 218

Gasoline Engine Nissan Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2012

Researchers in China report the production of gasoline and diesel from coal tar via an optimized catalytic hydrogenation using two serial fixed beds, the first with a hydrofining catalyst of MoNi/?-Al In 2010, China’s coke output reached 387.571 million tons, accounting for 61.6% Flow diagram of coal tar hydrogenation process.

Coal 244

Coal Gasoline Diesel Hydrogen 244

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

Shell has developed a lead-free replacement for aviation gasoline (Avgas 100 and 100LL); the replacement fuel will now begin a strict regulatory approvals process. Shell is the first major oil company to do so. Leaded gasoline for automobiles was phased out of use in the US by 1995 due to its environmental and health impact.)

Gasoline 246

Gasoline EPA Emissions Fuel 246

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2010

Gas chromatograph traces of conventional 87 octane gasoline (top) and CoolPlanetBioFuels drop-in gasoline produced from corn cobs. Two fractionators in a module can produce one million gallons of gasoline per year, with capex of $0.50/gallon Source: CoolPlanetBioFuels. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge. gallon US.

Gasoline 247

Gasoline Energy Gasoline-Electric Carbon 247

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2010

California gasoline consumption decreased 2.3% January through November 2009, California gasoline consumption declined 1.4% January through November 2009, California gasoline consumption declined 1.4% Gasoline consumption declined 2.3 The average price at the pump for gasoline in California during November 2009 was $3.01

2009 199

2009 Gasoline California Diesel 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2011

The Iraq State Company for Oil Projects (SCOP), under the Ministry of Oil for Iraq, has selected Honeywell’s UOP to provide key technologies to process 300,000 barrels per day (bpd) of domestic crude oil into gasoline and diesel fuel at a new refinery in Nassiriya, Iraq.

Iraq 186

Iraq Oil Gasoline 2010 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2010

Both US gasoline production and gasoline demand reached all-time highs for a February, according to the American Petroleum Institute’s (API) Monthly Statistical Report, which reflects data from February 2010. February total motor gasoline deliveries (a measure of demand) rose 2.2% million barrels per day.

Gasoline 170

Gasoline North Dakota Production 2009 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 14, 2010

Drivers of alternate fueled vehicles, hybrids and fuel-efficient, gasoline-powered cars will have two opportunities to test their vehicles at the 6 th Annual Green Grand Prix in Watkins Glen, NY on 8 May. Tom Megan of Redwood, NY, will compete in the 2010 Green Grand Prix in Watkins Glen, NY, in his 1965 Porsche 356SC that runs on bio-diesel.

2010 207

2010 Green Fuel Economy Alternative Fuels 207

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2010

US gasoline production jumped to 9.1 million barrels per day for April 2010, the highest April level ever and the second-highest gasoline production level for any month on record behind only March 2010 ( earlier post ), according to the American Petroleum Institute’s (API) Monthly Statistical Report. from April 2009.

Gasoline 170

Gasoline Production 2009 2010 170

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2009

Although little change in CO 2 emissions from motor gasoline is expected in 2009, CO 2 emissions from other transportation petroleum fuels, particularly jet fuel (a 9.8% decline in consumption), distillate fuel oil (an 8.2% decline) and residual fuel oil (a 6.3% decline in consumption), distillate fuel oil (an 8.2%

2009 220

2009 Emissions Gasoline Fuel 220

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2011

Maximum gasoline sulfur limits. A trio of European countries and one from South America made major strides in reducing their levels of sulfur content in gasoline, allowing them to advance in the annual global ranking published by Hart Energy’s International Fuel Quality Center (IFQC). Sulfur is found naturally in crude oil.

Gasoline 231

Gasoline Standards Montenegro Croatia 231

Green Car Congress

JUNE 24, 2010

Petrobras’s drilling of a seventh well in the Tupi area ( earlier post ) confirmed the light oil potential in the pre-salt reservoirs, located in ultra-deep Santos Basin waters. The well was drilled in a higher structural position than the other wells in Tupi, and proved the discovery of light oil via a cable test. Light crude oil—i.e.,

Oil 199

Oil Light Water 2010 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2013

By 2040, hybrids are expected to account for about 35% of the global light-duty vehicle fleet, up from less than 1% in 2010. In 2010, about 75% of the world’s vehicles were in OECD countries. liters per 100 km) in 2010. China will see the largest increase—more than 4 million oil-equivalent barrels per day.

Oil-Sands 309

Oil-Sands Energy Hybrid Sale 309

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 1, 2010

A team from Iowa State University and ConocoPhillips, Biofuels R&D performed a techno-economic study examining the fast pyrolysis of corn stover to bio-oil with subsequent upgrading of the bio-oil to naphtha and diesel range fuels. per gallon of gasoline equivalent ($0.82 Fuel product value estimates are $3.09 per liter).

Alternative Fuels 225

Alternative Fuels Oil Iowa Fuel 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). Efficiencies and emissions factors reported are for year 2010.

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution 236

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2009

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin, led by Dr. Rolf Reitz, are investigating a blended dual-fuel (gasoline and diesel) concept to extend the operating range of partially premixed charge compression ignition combustion by using the varying fuel reactivity of the charge blend, which is determined in real time. Source: Rolf Reitz.

Wisconsin 225

Wisconsin Gasoline Diesel Universal 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2011

China’s apparent oil demand in July increased to 38.29 million barrels per day (b/d), as oil consumption appeared to have recovered after seasonal refinery maintenance, according to an analysis of recent Chinese government statistics by Platts. million mt of crude oil, or an average of 8.86 million b/d and 6.2% million mt.

Oil 186

Oil China Chinese Maintenance 186