Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2013

Based on on-road measurements in their study, a team from the University of California Berkeley has estimated that, as of 2010, light-duty (LD) gasoline vehicles were responsible for 85% of CO; 18% of NO x ; 18% of organic aerosol (OA); and 6% of black carbon (BC) emissions from on-road motor vehicles in the United States.

Gasoline 239

Gasoline Emissions Diesel San Francisco 239

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2021

Lead levels in London’s atmosphere have dropped significantly since lead additives in gasoline were phased out, and currently meet UK air quality targets. The study, led by researchers from Imperial College London, found that up to 40% of lead in airborne particles today comes from the legacy of leaded gasoline.

London 295

London Gasoline 2018 Petrol 295

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2012

A scatter plot of CO, as a tracer for pollution, versus CO 2 , as a tracer for the amount of combustion, for 2002 and 2010. Even though the CO 2 enhancements over background were comparable in the two years, about 25 ppm in 2002 and 35 ppm in 2010, the ?CO/?CO2 CO2 ratio for this flight track segment decreased from 24.5

Los Angeles 285

Los Angeles Gasoline Ozone 2002 285

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2019

A new study released by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) finds greenhouse gas emissions from corn-based ethanol are about 39% lower than gasoline. The study also states that when ethanol is refined at natural gas-powered refineries, the greenhouse gas emissions are even lower—around 43% below gasoline. Searchinger et al.

Gasoline 255

Gasoline 2010 Colombia Emissions 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 3, 2014

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued a final greenhouse gas (GHG) Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) construction permit to Natgasoline LLC to construct a new motor-grade gasoline production facility in Texas that uses natural gas as feedstock (gas-to-gasoline, or GtG). MTG process flow. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 257

Gasoline EPA Texas Gas 257

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

Shell has developed a lead-free replacement for aviation gasoline (Avgas 100 and 100LL); the replacement fuel will now begin a strict regulatory approvals process. Leaded gasoline for automobiles was phased out of use in the US by 1995 due to its environmental and health impact.) Shell is the first major oil company to do so.

Gasoline 246

Gasoline EPA Emissions Fuel 246

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2014

GDCI engine was significantly better than advanced production spark injection gasoline engines, and comparable to very efficient hybrid vehicle engines at their best efficiency conditions (214 g/kWh). This early work established that gasoline-like fuels with high resistance to autoignition are preferred for PPCI. Background.

Gasoline 304

Gasoline Engine Fuel Wisconsin 304

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 21, 2013

Demand for gasoline rose 5.4% Gasoline production rose 3.1% This was the second-highest output on record and just 63 thousand barrels per day below the all-time high set in July 2010. For year-to-date, gasoline production increased by 2.1% Stocks of motor gasoline ended down 1.4% from November 2012 to average 19.4

Gasoline 246

Gasoline 2012 Oil Gas 246

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2022

Other fuels that play a role in commercial trucking include gasoline (23%) and compressed natural gas (0.4%). For gasoline vehicles that make up about a quarter of all commercial trucks (Class 3-8), more than half (57.5%) of those in operation are 2007 and newer model years. Electric and other categories each register less than 1%.

Diesel 468

Diesel Commercial Fleet District of Columbia 468

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2012

NREL also found that these early fuel cell vehicles achieved more than twice the efficiency of today’s gasoline vehicles. 3/gallon gasoline equivalent (gge) hydrogen production cost (based on volume production). 1 kg hydrogen is approximately equal to the energy contained in a gallon of gasoline, or gallon gasoline equivalent (gge).

Gasoline 306

Gasoline Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen 306

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 8, 2017

As part of the new technology to achieve this vision, the company disclosed plans to introduce a next-generation gasoline engine called SKYACTIV-X in 2019. This new proprietary combustion engine combines the advantages of gasoline and diesel engines to optimize environmental performance, power and acceleration performance.

Mazda 186

Mazda Gasoline Fuel Economy Gasoline-Electric 186

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 22, 2022

A new report from a team at Argonne National Laboratory examines the changing characteristics for light-duty plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) from 2010-2021, evaluating range, energy efficiency, costs, and performance. billion miles, offsetting 700 million gallons of gasoline. More than 2.1 Annual sales of PEVs in the US by year.

Plug-in 284

Plug-in Light Electric Vehicles Plug 284

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2011

Exxon Mobil Corporation’s new The Outlook for Energy: A View to 2040 , released last week, projects that global energy demand in 2040 will be about 30% higher than it was in 2010 as population grows to 9 billion and global GDP doubles. By 2040, heavy duty fuel demand will be up about 60 percent versus 2010. billion units.

Personal 408

Personal Global Transportation Fuel 408

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

A study by a team of researchers from France and the US found that the origin of volatile hydrocarbons, other than methane, present in city air is mainly gasoline-powered vehicles. They therefore concluded that gasoline engines are probably the main source of volatile hydrocarbons in both cities.

Los Angeles 225

Los Angeles Pollution Gasoline Engine 225

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2022

Since 2010, the United States has exported more refined petroleum products, including distillate fuel oil, hydrocarbon gas liquids, and motor gasoline, among others, than it has imported. million b/d. Net exports of refined petroleum products grew to 3.3 million b/d in 2020 and remained about the same in 2021.

United States 511

United States Oil 2020 International 511

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

Although gasoline direct injection engines (GDI) are a favorable technology for reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, recent studies have shown that GDI vehicles could emit more PM than traditional PFI (gasoline port fuel injection) vehicles as well as heavy-duty diesel trucks equipped with diesel particulate filters.

Environment 230

Environment Exhaust Gasoline Emissions 230

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2011

Virent’s BioForming platform can produce drop-in gasoline, diesel or jet fuels from plant sugars. Virent has taken another step in the gasoline certification process, successfully completing its first road fleet test organized and executed by Virent collaborator and investor Royal Dutch Shell. Source: Virent. Click to enlarge.

Fleet 343

Fleet Auto Gasoline Wisconsin 343

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2012

Toyota anticipates a 1/3 full hybrid, 1/3 gasoline, 1/3 diesel engine mix. The launch of the Auris Hybrid in 2010 ( earlier post ) made Toyota the first manufacturer to offer a choice of three powertrains in the C-segment. This has been achieved within the new Auris gasoline engine range through the use of high, 11.5:1

Gasoline 252

Gasoline Diesel Toyota Emissions 252

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2023

Volkswagen’s updated Touareg SUV will launch in five powertrain versions: a turbocharged gasoline engine, two turbodiesel engines and two plug-in hybrids. The Touareg was offered with hybrid drive for the first time when the second- generation model was launched in 2010. All use a 3.0-liter liter V6 engine.

PHEV 396

PHEV 2002 North America Plug-in 396

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2021

The number of electric vehicle miles traveled (eVMT) has been increasing each year since the introduction of the first mass market plug-in vehicles in late 2010. million PEVs have been sold, driving 52 billion miles on electricity since 2010, thereby reducing national gasoline consumption by 0.42% in 2020 and 1.9 More than 1.7

2020 243

2020 Miles Light Electric Vehicles 243

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2012

Tax credits and gasoline prices necessary for various electric vehicles to be cost-competitive with conventional vehicles at 2011 vehicle prices. Those people who purchase electric vehicles because of the tax credit use less gasoline and produce fewer emissions of greenhouse gases than would otherwise be the case. Source: CBO.

Tax Credit 252

Tax Credit Gasoline Tax Gasoline-Electric 252

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2013

EPA projects advanced transmissions (6+ speeds and CVTs), gasoline direct injection (GDI) systems, and turbocharged engines will be installed on at least 15% of all MY 2013 vehicles. The majority of the emissions and fuel savings from current vehicles, EPA noted, is due to new gasoline vehicle technologies. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy 247

Fuel Economy 2012 Economy EPA 247

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2012

Researchers have found gross indicated thermal efficiencies in excess of 56% and in-cylinder levels of PM and NO x below the EPA 2010 Heavy Duty standards at specific points in the operating map. This allows for stratification of the gasoline charge before any diesel is injected. —Wissink et al.

Emissions 352

Emissions Fuel Gasoline Diesel 352

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2023

Near-zero emission trucks are advanced diesel technology manufactured in the 2010 and later model years. are electric, and the remainder are gasoline or other fuels. are electric, and the remainder are gasoline or other fuels. are advanced diesel technology; 2.1% are CNG, 0.3% are advanced diesel technology; 2.1% are CNG, 0.3%

Diesel 284

Diesel Commercial Emissions District of Columbia 284

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2020

The reduction of energy use by plug-in electric vehicles translates to a savings of 470 million gallons of gasoline in 2019. Gasoline conversion to Btu using gross heating value 125,000 Btu/gallon. Source: Argonne National Laboratory, Assessment of Light-Duty Plug-In Electric Vehicles in the United States, 2010 – 2019, June 2020.

2019 221

2019 2018 Light Gasoline-Electric 221

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2022

Fuel ethanol, a biofuel most commonly mixed with finished motor gasoline, is second only to coal as the most-transported fuel by rail. These percentages have held relatively steady since 2010, the earliest data on record. Fuel ethanol arrives at blending terminals by railcar, and gasoline arrives by pipeline.

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Fuel Gasoline Coal Transportation 293

Green Car Congress

JUNE 17, 2014

Chevrolet Volt owners have accumulated more than half a billion all-electric miles since the vehicle’s launch in 2010. The 2014 Volt provides owners with fuel economy of EPA-estimated 98 MPGe (electric) and 35 city/40 highway on gasoline power. The Volt continues to attract new buyers to Chevrolet with 69% of Volt buyers new to GM.

Volt 285

Volt Chevrolet Miles Idaho 285

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 7, 2015

The rolling four-week average of US gross refinery inputs has been above the previous five-year range (2010-14) every week so far this year. For the past several years, distillate crack spreads have consistently exceeded those for gasoline, but since May, this trend has reversed. Total US motor gasoline product supplied is up 2.9%

Gasoline 150

Gasoline 2014 Louisiana Oil 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 31, 2013

which requires that, beginning 31 December 2010, all gasoline sold or offered for sale in Florida by a terminal supplier, importer, blender, or wholesaler be blended gasoline. Blended gasoline” is defined in the law as a mixture of 90 to 91 percent gasoline and 9 to 10 percent fuel ethanol or other alternative fuel, by volume.

Florida 240

Florida Renewable Standards Fuel 240

Green Car Congress

MARCH 15, 2013

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its annual report summarizing key trends in carbon dioxide emissions, fuel economy, and CO 2 - and fuel economy-related technology for gasoline- and diesel-fueled personal vehicles sold in the United States, from model years (MY) 1975 through 2012. Source: EPA. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy 284

Fuel Economy 2012 EPA Economy 284

Green Car Congress

APRIL 6, 2016

Since 2013, the share of premium gasoline in total motor gasoline sales in the US has steadily increased to 11.3% The octane rating of gasoline is an indicator of its resistance to spontaneous combustion. Use of higher-octane gasoline can offset the increased risk of engine knock caused by increasing engine compression.

Downsizing 150

Downsizing Gasoline Engine Design 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2022

Hydrogen: not a stand-in for gasoline. As I watched this, I started to believe that there is actually enormous potential in the characteristics unique to hydrogen engines instead of simply treating it as a substitute for gasoline. —Yamaha President Hidaka at the Nov 2021 venue. —Takeshi Yamada.

Hydrogen 448

Hydrogen Toyota Fuel Corporation 448

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2021

The projects in BEEST sought to develop a variety of rechargeable battery technologies that would enable EV/PHEVs to meet or beat the price and performance of gasoline-powered cars, and enable mass production of electric vehicles that people will be excited to drive. Launched in 2010, BEEST is currently an alumnus project.

Energy Storage 418

Energy Storage Battery Batteries Grid 418

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 27, 2013

The world’s consumption of gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, heating oil, and other petroleum products reached a record high of 88.9 Increased consumption in 2010 reflected improving economic conditions. Year-on-year changes in petroleum consumption by region.

North America 261

North America 2012 America Europe 261

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2013

The gasoline engine delivers 105 hp (72 kW) at 5500 rpm and maximum torque of 145 N·m (107 lb-ft) at 2000 rpm/min, with combined cycle fuel consumption of 4.2 This is the lowest consumption of any of the gasoline or diesel MiTo engines, while power delivery and torque are the second-highest of the MiTo gasoline range.

2014 299

2014 Gasoline 2000 Exhaust 299

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2013

By 2040, hybrids are expected to account for about 35% of the global light-duty vehicle fleet, up from less than 1% in 2010. In 2010, about 75% of the world’s vehicles were in OECD countries. liters per 100 km) in 2010. Hybrids are expected to account for about half of global new-car sales by 2040. Source: ExxonMobil.

Oil-Sands 309

Oil-Sands Energy Hybrid Oil 309

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2015

While alternative powertrains still represent a small percentage of market share compared to gasoline engines, the report noted, clean diesels saw a 10% increase in 2014 sales over 2013 sales, while hybrids saw a 10% decrease, pure electrics saw a 20% increase and compressed natural gas saw a 33% decrease. Belzowski 2015. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Cost Of Diesel Fuel Economy 150