Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2011

emissions from fossil fuel use and cement production per region. After a decline in global CO 2 emissions in 2009 of 1% (including a. correction for the leap year 2008), global emissions have. jumped by more than 5% in 2010, which is unprecedented. After a decline in global CO 2 emissions in 2009 of 1% (including a.

Emissions 281

Emissions Global Industrial Industry 281

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2010

A comparison of estimates of the energy return on investment (EROI) at the wellhead for conventional crude oil, or for crude product prior to refining for oil shale. Oil shale” is shale containing kerogen, a combination of chemical compounds that can be converted into synthetic petroleum. Source: Cleveland and O’Connor.

Oil 199

Oil Cleveland Carbon Boston 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 9, 2012

Comparison of GHGenius, JACOBS, TIAX, and the new PRELIM gasoline greenhouse gas (GHG) estimates using base case estimates and variations from the scenario analysis. Given the magnitude of upstream emissions from the sector, they said, their findings have implications for both policy and mitigation of GHG emissions.

Oil-Sands 236

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Hydrogen 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2022

While Russia holds significant leverage in influencing oil and gas prices, it pales in comparison to China’s position in several strategic industries critical to the energy transition, says report author Michelle Michot Foss, fellow in energy and materials at the Baker Institute. —Baker Institute report Need Nickel?

China 416

China Energy Indonesia Power Grid 416

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2013

Comparison of Hg emissions in 2005 and 2010, by selected sector and region. Unintentional emission sectors: Coal burning, ferrous- and non-ferrous (Au, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) metal production, cement production. Intentional-use sectors: Disposal and incineration of product waste, cremation emissions, chlor-alkali industry.

Mercury 262

Mercury Emissions 2013 Global 262

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2018

Emissions are usually higher in the production phase of electric cars, but these are more than offset by lower emissions in the use phase over time. However, as the carbon intensity of the EU energy mix is projected to decrease, the life-cycle emissions of a typical electric vehicle could be cut by at least 73% by 2050.

Climate 268

Climate Pollution Gasoline-Electric 2017 268

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2012

Other successful initiatives—highlighted in Ford’s 13th annual Sustainability Report—include reductions in water use, waste-to-landfill and CO 2 emissions as well as improvements in vehicle fuel economy and safety. At Michigan Assembly Plant in Wayne, Mich.,

2016 256

2016 Ford Manufacturer Energy 256

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2013

The majority of the emissions and fuel savings from current vehicles, EPA noted, is due to new gasoline vehicle technologies. The final model year (MY) 2012 adjusted, real world CO 2 emissions rate is 376 g/mi—a 22 g/mi decrease (-5.5%) relative to MY 2011. Preliminary MY 2013 adjusted values are 370 g/mi CO 2 emissions and 24.0

Fuel Economy 247

Fuel Economy 2012 Economy EPA 247

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2014

Incremental well-to-wheels GHG emissions from WCSB Oil Sands Crudes Compared to Well-to-Wheels GHG Emissions from Displacing Reference Crudes Click to enlarge. Domestic production of crude oil has increased significantly, from approximately 5.5 million bpd in 2010 to 6.5 million bpd in 2012 and 7.5 million bpd.

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Nebraska Oil Montana 220

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2009

Emissions under the dual-fuel concept, at 11 bar IMEP. The green line is the US 2010 baseline. Low temperature combustion (LTC) strategies (MK, PCCI, HCCI) are one way researchers are looking to reduce engine-out emissions while maintaining high engine efficiency. million barrels of oil per day in transportation.

Wisconsin 225

Wisconsin Gasoline Diesel Universal 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 12, 2013

Consumption-based power mixes and NG transmission distances by Chinese province in 2010. However, the fuel-cycle PM 10 , PM 2.5 , SO 2 , and NO x emissions of EVs could be up to five times higher than those of ICEVs (internal combustion engine vehicles) and CNGVs. Credit: ACS, Huo et al. Click to enlarge.

Coal 231

Coal Pollution China Gas 231

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2016

Navy engineers monitored the performance of the gas-turbine engines and generators while running on petroleum F-76 prior to taking on the ReadiDiesel to establish a baseline for comparison. The component and full-scale engine testing included performance tests to determine the combustion quality and emissions.

Renewable 150

Renewable Diesel San Diego Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 7, 2009

FY 2010 Budget requests are in green, the FY 2009 additional appropriation (Recovery Act funding) is in red. President Barack Obama’s Fiscal Year 2010 $26.4 However, the FY 2010 budget complements the $38.7 The FY 2010 budget request is $2,318.6 Click to enlarge. The budget request represents a 21.8% billion for DOE.

2010 150

2010 PHEV Hydrogen Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2010

Comparison of coal consumption and CO 2 emissions for co-production and separate production of liquids and power. Plant-level CO 2 emissions can be greatly reduced by using the CCS technology, the study found, without much increase in capital cost. Without CCS, there will be a huge increase in CO 2 emissions.

Coal 231

Coal Oil Prices CO2 Gas-Electric 231

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2014

The transmission also is “fill for life” not requiring oil changes during normal driving conditions. In comparison to the fleet of conventional transmissions they replaced, TorqueFlites promise to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by more than six million metric tonnes over the same timeframe.

Chrysler 199

Chrysler Dodge Indiana Durango 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2015

This approach, ICCT says, enables an equitable comparison of airline fuel efficiency, regardless of business model, through the use of primary fuel burn data and an inclusive metric for transport service—a combination of mobility, measured by revenue passenger miles (RPM), and access, measured by departures (or the flight frequency).

Alaska 150

Alaska Fuel 2014 2013 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 25, 2016

The research estimates that the growth of EVs will mean they represent a quarter of the cars on the road by that date, displacing 13 million barrels per day of crude oil but using 1,900 TWh of electricity. Lithium-ion battery costs have already dropped by 65% since 2010, reaching $350 per kWh last year. Although some 1.3

Cost Of 150

Cost Of Sale Global Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2011

Cummins is one year into a four year program (ATLAS, Advanced Technology Light Automotive Systems) to develop, in partnership with the US Department of Energy (DOE), a new light-duty diesel truck engine that will meet Tier 2 Bin 2 (SULEV) emission requirements while achieving at least a 40% fuel economy improvement (26.1 mpg US vs. 18.6

Light 199

Light Diesel MPG Nissan 199

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2012

The particle number count under those conditions increased by more than an order of magnitude in comparison to DPF-out particle concentrations. Current 2010 USEPA emissions standards for NO x and PM are set at 0.20 The team used a MY 2007 Volvo MD11 engine compliant with USEPA 2007 emissions standards. g/bhp-hr and 0.01

Exhaust 218

Exhaust Diesel West Virginia 2007 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2011

Lifecycle GHG emissions of renewable gasoline from the IH 2 process (GTI RG) compared to petroleum gasoline and diesel. GTI says that renewable gasoline (RG) produced by the IH 2 process results in more than 90% lower greenhouse gas emissions than petroleum-based fuels. Property comparison. Fast Pyrolysis Oil IH 2 product.

Diesel 199

Diesel Production Gasoline Renewable 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2009

AMG, the performance brand within Mercedes-Benz Cars, outlined a series of steps it will take to lower the emissions and improve the fuel efficiency of its vehicles. To reduce fuel consumption, AMG is shortly to introduce efficiency-increasing engine-generator management as well as regulated oil and water pumps.

2012 150

2012 Mercedes Fuel 2008 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2011

Currently, Achates has demonstrated a single-cylinder CI OPOC two-stroke engine that matches the engine-out emissions of an advanced 2010 medium-duty diesel while achieving specific oil consumption of less than 0.1% can meet emissions, and not just at one point where it is a novelty of science, but across the entire speed map.

Engine 199

Engine Concept Power Powered 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 9, 2014

Achates Power’s engine allows OEMs to achieve the most stringent current and future fuel efficiency and emissions standards—including EPA 2010, Euro 6 and Tier 3/LEV 3—without additional cost or complexity. This improves performance and emissions with fewer hot spots on the piston surfaces to further reduce heat losses.

Engine 259

Engine Power Powered Congress 259

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2013

Cutting the amount of short-lived, climate-warming emissions such as soot and methane won’t limit global warming as much as previous studies have suggested, according to a new study from the Joint Global Change Research Institute in College Park, Md., More realistic emission reductions would likely provide an even smaller climate benefit.

Climate 199

Climate Pollution Carbon Emissions 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 26, 2010

The 2010 Ford Explorer 2WD with a 4.0L Using Ti-VCT (Twin Independent Variable Camshaft Timing, earlier post ) for optimized fuel economy and reduced part-throttle emissions, this engine delivers an estimated 290 hp (216 kW) and 255 lb-ft (346 N·m) of torque. In part-throttle conditions, Ti-VCT helps reduce emissions.

2011 186

2011 Ford SUV Fuel Economy 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2012

The European Commission today proposed targets for the further reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from new cars and light commercial vehicles (vans) by 2020. The proposals will cut average emissions from new cars to 95 grams of CO 2 per km (g CO 2 /km) in 2020 from 135.7 Europe and the US. Earlier post.).

2020 268

2020 Light CO2 Cars 268

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2011

The engines combine a range of technical solutions to meet the more stringent emission requirements, while the consumption of fuel is as good as Scania’s Euro 5 engines. Comparison of emission standards. The Euro 6 levels are close to those applying in North America (EPA10) and Japan (Post NLT) starting in 2010.

Engine 236

Engine Exhaust Emissions North America 236

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

Environmental costs are often not shown on financial statements because the bearers of such costs can be either particular individuals or society at large, are often both non-monetary and problematic to quantify for comparison with monetary values.

Climate Change 310

Climate Change Water Climate Global 310

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2011

VTT obtained all the fuel used for the test runs at the same time from the Otaniemi Neste Oil service station in Espoo. The cars were of model years between 1999 and 2010 and, according to their manufacturers’ recommendations, compatible with E10-fuel. The results showed 4.7% for the E5-grade and 9.4% for the E10 grade.

Fuel 199

Fuel Finland Cars Gasoline 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2014

fewer CO 2 emissions) that was previously required for processes using the non-edible plant resource of cellulose and natural oil as raw materials. The research aims to develop an innovative bioplastic that achieves reduced CO 2 emissions using non-edible plant-derived polysaccharides such as cellulose, which enjoys a stable supply.

Energy 225

Energy Production Water Emissions 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2011

Our policy leaders continue to pursue prescriptive technology policies in the hopes of solving all of our energy and emissions problems. By substituting all current vehicles with high efficiency ICEs, we would be able to reduce our gasoline consumption by 31 billion gallons per year, which corresponds to a 42 percent cut in imported oil.

Standards 247

Standards Transportation Fuel Economy MPG 247

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 19, 2010

Oil and gas : ENI Refining and Marketing, Galp Energia, OMV Refining and Marketing GmbH, Shell Downstream Services International B.V., These three were then backcasted to 2010, resulting in a development pathway for each powertrain. Combined with the additional blending of biofuels, they could show emission reductions for longer trips.

Plug-in 244

Plug-in PHEV Transportation Plug 244

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

Change in cumulative energy-related CO 2 emissions by sector and fuel in the IEA GAS Scenario relative to the New Policies Scenario, 2009-2035. An interim report with some of this study’s major findings and recommendations was released in June 2010. Source: IEA. Click to enlarge. MIT: The Future of Natural Gas. Earlier post.)

MIT 210

MIT Gas Climate Gas-Electric 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2015

kg), for a power-to-weight ratio of 478 W/kg; by comparison, Wrightspeed’s new Fulcrum microturbine offers a power-to-weight ratio of 750 W/kg. Its multi-fuel capabilities allow it to burn diesel, CNG, LNG, landfill gases, biodiesel, kerosene, propane, heating oil, and others. The 65 kW Capstone unit weighs 300 lbs (136.1 Jennings, P.,

Range 150

Range Extended Range Gas-Electric Electric 150

EV Match

DECEMBER 22, 2020

While EVs typically carry a higher initial price tag, they’re on average cheaper to fuel and maintain (no oil changes, head gaskets, timing belts, or spark plugs needed). Car and Driver ‘s comparison did factor in the $7,500 federal tax credit, but it didn’t consider state, utility, and local credits and incentives.

Electric Vehicles 86

Electric Vehicles F-150 Tax Credit Vehicles 86

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2010

6-speed automatic transmission with an improved efficiency electric oil pump. Comparison of Mid-size Hybrid Sedans. 2010 Altima. 2010 Fusion. 2010 Lexus HS250h. Hybrid Power Control (HPC) management software automatically shuts off the engine when the vehicle comes to a halt, cutting emissions to zero.

Nickel Metal Hydride 210

Nickel Metal Hydride New York Hyundai Hybrid 210

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 17, 2011

In comparison, they noted, the technology for bio-chemical ethanol production from cellulosic biomass is not sufficiently developed yet. Methanol first surfaced as a potentially interesting transportation fuel in the wake of the oil crisis in 1973. Large scale production of methanol from natural gas and coal is a well-developed.

Transportation 257

Transportation Fuel Coal Gasoline 257