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The amount of methane released into the atmosphere as a result of coal mining is likely approximately 50% higher than previously estimated, according to research presented at the recent annual meeting of the American Geophysical Union. The authors point out that less coal production doesn’t translate to less methane.
For the first time, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has published state-by-state energy and water Sankey diagrams in one location so that analysts and policymakers can find all the information they need in one place. General location of energy and water categories. Energy and water generally “flows” from left to right.
In August 2012, coal produced 39% of US electricity, up from a low of 32% in April 2012, when the natural gas share of generation equaled that of coal. The August coal share of generation is still notably lower than the 50% annual average over the 1990-2010 period. Other plants use PRB coal transported by rail.
South Africa state-owned power utility Eskom reports that a design study is currently under way for an underground coal gasification (UCG) demonstration plant, which will include a 250,000 Nm 3 /h gas production plant and a 100 MW to 140 MW gas turbine plant. The coal seam lies between 280 m and 300 m deep. Mining Weekly.
Globally 131 million tons of ammonia were produced in 2010. Natural gas or coal is used as the energy source of the ammonia industry. Natural gas or coal is used as the energy source of the ammonia industry. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report on artificial synthesis of ammonia direct from air and water.
Ignite Energy Resources supercritical water process diagram. IER’s proprietary supercritical water technology (SCW) transforms low-ranked coals, including lignite, directly into higher-valued oils and cleaner coal products. tonnes of high-ranked coal. Source: IER. Click to enlarge. Source: IER. Click to enlarge.
CS CSG (Australia) Pty Ltd, a 50/50 joint venture company owned by Shell and a subsidiary of PetroChina, has entered into an agreement to buy Australia-based Arrow Energy Limited, a coal seam gas company, for A$4.70 Coal seam gas is a form of natural gas trapped in coal beds by water and ground pressure. billion (US$3.2
BG Group has approved implementation of the first phase of a US$15-billion project to convert coal seam gas (CSG) to LNG—the first major commercial project to do so. Total gross discovered coal seam gas reserves and resources presently amount to an estimated 17.3 More than half the emissions come from the LNG facility.
Sasol recently signed a joint venture agreement with Australia-based Origin Energy Limited for the purposes of exploring for coal bed methane (CBM) in Botswana. The water that is produced during the production process is pumped to the surface and treated so it can be disposed of or recycled.
Australia’s Syngas Limited has engaged Rentech to provide Fischer-Tropsch fuels production preliminary engineering services for Syngas’ proposed commercial scale coal and biomass to liquids (CBTL) fuels facility in Southern Australia, known as the Clinton Project. Additionally, the Clinton coal fluidizes well.
Australia-based underground coal gasification (UCG) company Linc Energy ( earlier post ) has signed an exclusive agreement with the UK-based alkaline fuel cell technology company AFC Energy Plc and its related company, B9 Coal ( earlier post ). Linc Energy anticipates commencing testing of the system at Chinchilla by mid April 2010.
Regal Resources Limited, an Australia-based developer of an Underground Coal to Liquids (UCTL) process to convert low rank brown/coal lignite into hydrocarbon and gas products ( earlier post ), has signed a Farm-In Agreement with Greenpower Energy Limited through its wholly owned subsidiary MOL Gippsland Pty Ltd (MOL). million.
Underground coal gasification (UCG) company Linc Energy Ltd. announced the completion and start-up of its fifth underground coal gasifier at Chinchilla, Australia ( earlier post ). The estimated single cavity width is 16 meters within a coal seam height of 5.5 Improved process control and automation.
Comparison of Hg emissions in 2005 and 2010, by selected sector and region. Unintentional emission sectors: Coal burning, ferrous- and non-ferrous (Au, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) metal production, cement production. Artisanal and small-scale gold mining and coal burning are the major sources of anthropogenic mercury emissions to air.
First, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized the Renewable Fuel Standard Program (RFS2) rule to implement the long-term renewable fuels standard of 36 billion gallons by 2022 established by Congress and also issued the targets for 2010. The EPA also set the 2010 RFS volume standard at 12.95 Sustainability – EPA and USDA.
The TCEP would integrate coal gasification, combined-cycle power generation, CO 2 capture, and. Whiting will be the first in the Permian to purchase CO 2 from a power project that will be produced through the coal-gasification process. urea production. CO 2 capture and shipment via pipeline shown at top. Click to enlarge.
Furthermore, this latest national survey, conducted March 7-11, 2012 among 1,503 adults, finds that support for allowing more offshore oil and gas drilling in US waters, which plummeted during the 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill, has recovered to pre-spill levels.
trillion in 2010) would be required to overcome poverty; increase food production to eradicate hunger without degrading land and water resources; and avert the climate change catastrophe. The reports estimates that incremental green investment of about 3% of world gross product (WGP) (about $1.9 A global “Top Runner Program”.
On Saturday, Israel’s Ministry of Energy & Water Resources reported that commercial natural gas production had begun from the deepwater Tamar field (c. The Tamar and Dalit discoveries were followed in 2010 by the discovery of Leviathan, 29 miles (47 km) west of Tamar at a depth of c. Source: Noble Energy. Click to enlarge.
Total toxic air releases in 2011 declined 8% from 2010, mostly because of decreases in hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions, even while total releases of toxic chemicals increased for the second year in a row, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) annual Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) report published today.
increase over FY 2010 estimates— to support scientific innovation, develop clean and secure energy technologies, maintain national security, and reduce environmental risk. increase over FY 2010 estimates. increase over FY 2010 estimates. billion in tax subsidies for oil, coal and gas industries. 2010 est. 2011 prop.
Representative costs are reported in constant December 2010 US dollars. impacts on existing generating plants from pending or anticipated environmental rules on emissions, use of water resources, and coal ash handling and disposal. The analysis is based on 2010 EPRI research results and updates a November 2009 assessment.
2010 and provides operations and maintenance services to the plant. Concentrated solar power involves generating power from steam turbines with heat from the sun, avoiding the use of traditional fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas or oil. An ACS subsidiary, Cobra, finished construction of Extresol II in Dec.
But the scientists now know that we’re NOT going to save our children from that hell and high water that’s coming their way. The combination of these complex climate changes threatens coastal communities and cities, our food and water supplies, marine and freshwater ecosystems, forests, high mountain environments, and far more.
The cost of electrofuels—fuels produced by catalyst-based systems for light capture, water electrolysis, and catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen to liquid fuels—remains far away from viable, according to a new analysis by Lux Research. Hydrogen-to-fuels.
The presence of carbon monoxide in the syngas can assist with the conversion of lignin, and the observed effect is similar to that seen for coal hydroprocessing with syngas compared to hydrogen alone. Chevron says tests have shown that this produced water does not inhibit the lignin conversion.
The Canadian oil sands are now poised to become the number one source of US crude oil imports in 2010, according to new research from the IHS CERA Canadian Oil Sands Dialogue. Net water use in oil sands production averages four barrels of water per barrel of bitumen for mining operations and 0.9 Source: IHS CERA.
biomass or coal). Molten salt fuel can include natural uranium, depleted uranium, natural thorium, excess W-Pu, and SNF from conventional Light Water Reactors. Conceptual F-T production using process heat from GEM*STAR and coal as a feedstock, from a 2010 ADNA presentation. Muons, Inc. , Click to enlarge. Nifenecker, S.
The SECARB members began injecting CO 2 at the Alabama test site on 15 June 2010. Earlier, an existing coalbed methane well operated by El Paso Exploration & Production had been converted for CO 2 injection, and four wells drilled to monitor reservoir pressure, gas composition, water quality, and the CO 2 plume. gigatons to 2.3
By 2040, hybrids are expected to account for about 35% of the global light-duty vehicle fleet, up from less than 1% in 2010. In 2010, about 75% of the world’s vehicles were in OECD countries. liters per 100 km) in 2010. Hybrids are expected to account for about half of global new-car sales by 2040. Source: ExxonMobil.
(The figure includes the direct effects and those indirect effects due to the production of tropospheric ozone and stratospheric water vapor.) Overall, EPA reported a slightly less than 1% drop in methane (CH 4 ) emissions from 2010 to 2011 (from 592.7 In 2011, CH4 emissions from coal mining were 63.2 Tg CO 2 eq) in 2011.
The process was presented during the 90 th Springtime Annual Meeting of The Chemical Society of Japan (CSJ), 26-29 March, 2010. Both DME synthesized gas and liquid from coal are being utilized more frequently as inexpensive fuels in the People’s Republic of China. Liquefied DME (CH 3 OCH 3 ) is the simplest form of ether.
The report also finds that by 2035 global energy savings could be equivalent to nearly 20% of global demand in 2010. barely rises in OECD countries, although there is a pronounced shift away from oil, coal (and, in some countries, nuclear) towards natural gas and renewables. Energy demand. Renewables. Energy efficiency.
tons of coal burned in a power-generation plant. Among the highlights, FCA cut its water use by nearly 40%, compared with 2010. Accordingly, each new Wrangler Unlimited has the potential to account for a 14-metric-ton reduction in GHG emissions, which is equivalent to: GHG emissions of three passenger cars, driven for one year.
Researchers from the Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) in Germany have shown that hydrocarbon yield and energy efficiency can be increased in a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) biomass-to-liquids (BTL) process through the use of a hydrophilic membrane enabling the in situ removal of water from the catalyst bed. Unruh et al.
Features of the process include: Feedstock flexible; Fast biomass heat up maximizes liquid yield; Hydroconversion with catalysts produces low-oxygen, low-acidity liquids; Polynuclear aromatic components are not formed; Self-sufficient process requires no supplemental water or hydrogen; and. from Biomass (BIOMASS 2010). Heating value.
Greenhouse gas emissions will certainly grow too, because India’s energy generation is dominated by fossil fuels—coal-fired power plants for electricity, coal- and gas-fired furnaces for industrial heating, liquid petroleum gas for cooking, and gasoline and diesel for transportation. costs less than fossil-fuel-based electricity.
Used as an alternative diesel fuel, dimethyl ether, which is produced by the conversion of syngas derived from coal, biomass, or natural gas, offers lower NO x emissions and near-zero smoke evolution compared to conventional petroleum diesel fuel in addition to being a non-petroleum-sourced fuel. by the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction.
—Darryl Wilson, vice president—aeroderivative gas turbines for GE Power & Water. On 9 November 2010, GE announced plans to invest more than $2 billion into its efforts in China through 2012 to help tackle the country’s pressing energy and infrastructure needs. Jiangsu Tianue Energy and Chemical Group Co.
million conditional commitment for the project in June 2010. Unlike coal-fired and natural gas-fired power generation plants, geothermal plants produce virtually no greenhouse gas emissions. All of the produced geothermal water is injected back into the reservoir. The US Department of Energy (DOE) finalized a $96.8
An interim report with some of this study’s major findings and recommendations was released in June 2010. In the US, a combination of demand reduction and displacement of coal-fired power by gas-fired generation is the lowest cost way to reduce CO 2 emissions by up to 50%. Source: IEA. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.)
The projects—led by FuelCell Energy, in partnership with VersaPower Systems, and Siemens Energy—have successfully demonstrated solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) designed for aggregation and use in coal-fueled central power generation.
Researchers at MIT had earlier demonstrated the ability to make biopropane (LPG from corn or sugarcane) using a supercritical water process, and created a startup (C3 BioEnergy) in 2007 that attempted to commercialize the technology. The process uses synthesis gas produced from natural gas (NG), coal or petroleum coke.
Red Wolf, formed in 2010, is in the process of raising $3 million through an equity offering to commercialize the thermal-chemical catalytic process. Two product streams exit this reactor, free fatty acids (mixed with water) and sweet water (glycerol mixed with water). Step 1: Hydrolysis. Click to enlarge.
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