Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2010

suggested that converting biomass into electricity for EVs abates more GHG emissions than does converting biomass into liquid fuels for use in today’s conventional vehicles. notes that those results assume that bioelectricity generation displaces gasoline. A 2009 life cycle analysis by Campbell et al. Earlier post.)

Fuel 324

Fuel Market Gasoline-Electric Gasoline 324

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2010

Gas chromatograph traces of conventional 87 octane gasoline (top) and CoolPlanetBioFuels drop-in gasoline produced from corn cobs. Two fractionators in a module can produce one million gallons of gasoline per year, with capex of $0.50/gallon Source: CoolPlanetBioFuels. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge. gallon US.

Gasoline 247

Gasoline Energy Gasoline-Electric Carbon 247

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2012

The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) reported that after an increase in 2010 of 3.3%, energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in the US in 2011 decreased by 2.4% (136 million metric tons), while GDP grew by 1.8%. In 2010, the price of regular gasoline averaged $2.78 mpg) from 2010 to 2011. per gallon.

2011 231

2011 Emissions Energy CO2 231

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2014

The updated version includes a longer-term outlook by expanding the time horizon from 2010 and beyond to 2020 and beyond. It adds an assessment of electrically chargeable vehicle configurations, such as plug-in hybrid, range extended, battery and fuel-cell electric vehicles. ICE-based vehicles and fuels.

Gas 277

Gas Fuel Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric 277

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2013

Since 1990, however, the ESCII (2010 = 100) has remained essentially static, changing by less than 1%. tCO 2 /toe); in 2010 it was 56.7 The IEA said that this reflects the continued domination of fossil fuels—particularly coal—in the energy mix and the slow uptake of other, lower-carbon supply technologies.

Carbon 265

Carbon Supplies Global Transportation 265

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 18, 2010

The study, in press in the Journal of Power Sources , examines the efficiency and costs of current and future EVs, as well as their impact on electricity demand and infrastructure for generation and distribution, and thereby on GHG emissions. All reference car configurations except the diesel use gasoline engines, because the.

Plug-in 236

Plug-in Charging Gasoline-Electric Plug 236

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2013

By 2040, hybrids are expected to account for about 35% of the global light-duty vehicle fleet, up from less than 1% in 2010. The growth reflects an expected 90% increase in electricity use, led by developing countries where 1.3 billion people are currently without access to electricity. liters per 100 km) in 2010.

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Oil-Sands Energy Hybrid Sale 309

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2009

biomass, coal, petroleum coke, and wastes) for the production of an ultra-clean syngas. This syngas can then be used for industrial process heating applications, converted into electricity, or synthesized into fuels or chemicals. OmniGas uses a 1300 °C molten slag to gasify a wide range of hydrocarbon feedstocks (e.g.,

Energy 247

Energy Coal Convert Renewable 247

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2014

As the world population increases by the estimated 30% from 2010 to 2040, ExxonMobil sees global GDP rising by about 140%, but energy demand by only about 35% due to greater efficiency. By 2040, natural gas is expected to account for more than a quarter of global energy use, surpassing coal in the overall mix. Click to enlarge.

Energy 252

Energy Global 2010 Oil-Sands 252

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2018

Battery electric cars emit less greenhouse gases and air pollutants over their entire life cycle than petrol and diesel cars, according to a European Environment Agency (EEA) report. Emissions are usually higher in the production phase of electric cars, but these are more than offset by lower emissions in the use phase over time.

Climate 268

Climate Pollution Gasoline-Electric 2017 268

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2012

Solid portions represent GHG emissions associated with gasoline propulsion. Patterned portions represent GHG emissions associated with electric propulsion. Solid left bar = hydro electricity scenario.) First, driving distance determines the proportions of electricity and gasoline consumed by the PHEV.

PHEV 210

PHEV C1 Emissions Coal 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2018

These diagrams depict energy use and water flow during the year 2010, the latest year for which comprehensive data is available. Some water resources also flow up to energy resources (petroleum, biomass, natural gas, and coal). coal, natural gas, geothermal and nuclear) into electricity.

Water 231

Water Energy Coal Gas-Electric 231

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2011

Value of life-cycle emissions externality damages and oil premium costs from vehicles in 2010 $. Strategies to promote adoption of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) with small battery packs offer more social benefits (i.e., Michalek et al. Click to enlarge. Michalek and colleagues.

PHEV 186

PHEV Oil Emissions Battery 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

Because of the lower carbon/hydrogen ratio of methane (CH 4 ) relative to gasoline, CO 2 emissions from the combustion of natural gas are approximately 75% of those of gasoline for a given amount of energy production. emissions are reduced by around 25% relative to the use of gasoline for the same engine efficiency. Source: MIT.

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MIT Gas Transportation Future 299

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2010

BCG’s analysis finds that cellulosic ethanol is on the verge of becoming cost-competitive with gasoline at $3/gal US. ” also sees steady adoption of on-shore wind and electric vehicle technologies, but suggests that off-shore wind and carbon capture and sequestration look likely to fade or decline. BCG, November 2010).

Solar 295

Solar Boston Consulting Group Power Powered 295

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 28, 2009

Coal remains the country’s dominant source of primary energy at 70%, and although China’s current Five-Year Plan calls for a 20% reduction in energy intensity by 2010 as compared to 2005, that goal is almost certain to remain elusive. US gasoline consumption per capita now stands at 1,783 liters, according to the authors of the paper.

2002 170

2002 2005 Emissions Carbon 170

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2013

For the study, they define EVs as including both battery-electric (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric (PHEV) vehicles. Only in the case of high EV market share and a high renewable electricity standard (RES) do EVs make a material contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions, they found. Credit: ACS, Choi et al.

Low Cost 236

Low Cost Georgia Fuel Economy Gasoline-Electric 236

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). Efficiencies and emissions factors reported are for year 2010.

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution 236

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2010

Left, global light-duty fleet in the electric-favoring case; right, the hydrogen-favoring case. In both electric- and hydrogen-favoring cases, availability of low-carbon electricity and hydrogen prolonged the use of petroleum-fueled ICE vehicles. Top, without CCS and CSP; bottom, with CCS and CSP. Credit: ACS, Wallington et al.

Hydrogen 236

Hydrogen Low CO2 Available Fleet 236

Green Car Congress

MARCH 4, 2011

Research focuses on supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO 2 ) Brayton-cycle turbines, which typically would be used for bulk thermal and nuclear generation of electricity, including next-generation power reactors. The Brayton cycle could yield 20 MW of electricity from a package with a volume as small as four cubic meters.

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Conversion CO2 Gas-Electric 2010 220

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2010

Researchers at the University of Colorado, Boulder and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) modeled the emissions impact had plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) replaced light duty gasoline vehicles in the Denver, Colorado area in summer 2006. For other areas, where PM2.5 For other areas, where PM2.5 Brinkman et al.

Denver 170

Denver Ozone PHEV Colorado 170

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

Among the transportation-related updates going into AEO2011, the EIA increased the limit for blending ethanol into gasoline for approved vehicles from 10% to 15%, as a result of the waiver granted by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in October 2010. Industrial natural gas demand recovers, reversing recent trend.

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2015

Results from the study also suggest that with sufficient coal plant retirement and sufficient wind power, controlled charging could result in positive net benefits instead of negative. The question of electricity costs vs. health and environmental cost is important to ask everywhere, Michalek said. Credit: ACS, Weis et al.

Charging 150

Charging Coal Grid District of Columbia 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2013

Researchers at George Washington University led by Dr. Stuart Licht have introduced the principles of a new class rechargeable molten air batteries that offer amongst the highest intrinsic electric energy storage capabilities. Retention of the intrinsic anodic storage capacity of these batteries has been an ongoing challenge.In

Energy 309

Energy Battery Batteries Recharge 309

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2010

The authors highlight three possible strategies for CO 2 conversion by physico-chemical approaches: sustainable (or renewable) synthetic methanol; syngas production derived from flue gases from coal-, gas- or oil-fired electric power stations; and photochemical production of synthetic fuels. Jiang et al. Resources. Kuznetsov and P.

Conversion 218

Conversion Transportation Fuel CO2 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2017

A new study by researchers at the University of Colorado at Boulder projects the emission impacts of the widespread introduction of inexpensive and efficient electric vehicles into the US light duty vehicle (LDV) sector. Among their findings: Gasoline vehicles dominate in the BAU scenario for the entire time horizon.

Emissions 150

Emissions Economy Gasoline-Electric Coal 150

Cars That Think

JUNE 24, 2022

The country’s electricity consumption in 2019 was nearly six times as great as in 1990. costs less than fossil-fuel-based electricity. While electricity from older coal plants in India costs 2.7 In 2021, about 73 percent of the country’s electricity was produced from coal, and only 9.6 IIT Madras.

Coal 98

Coal Energy Storage Wind India 98

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2010

Once further optimized and energy conversion elements, such as thermoelectric converters, are added, the cell could produce electricity. It looks like it will have to be a thermal conversion—that makes it not quite as easy as if I could get a direct conversion to electricity. ACS Press Briefing on Cold Fusion, 21 March 2010.

Fusion 326

Fusion Power Powered Batteries 326

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

An interim report with some of this study’s major findings and recommendations was released in June 2010. This is particularly true in the electric power sector, where, in the US, natural gas sets the cost benchmark against which other clean power sources must compete to remove the marginal ton of CO 2. Source: IEA. Earlier post.)

MIT 210

MIT Gas Climate Gas-Electric 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2014

Using corn crop residue to make ethanol and other biofuels reduces soil carbon and under some conditions can generate more greenhouse gases than gasoline, according to a major, multi-year study by a University of Nebraska-Lincoln team of researchers published in the journal Nature Climate Change. —Liska et al. g CO 2 e MJ ?1

Carbon 220

Carbon Emissions CO2 Nebraska 220

Cars That Think

AUGUST 2, 2021

With motor sports moving hard and fast toward electric drive, a friend recently told me that electric drag-car racing just wouldn't be the same without the deafening roar of combustion engines and the smell of "nitro" fuel. With electric vehicles, however, calculating efficiency is not so simple. She's 90 years old.

Gasoline-Electric 143

Gasoline-Electric Recharge Gasoline United States 143

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2011

On December 16, 2010 the US DOE Energy Information Agency (EIA) published a report projecting that renewable energy will still only constitute 12 percent of the USA’s energy sources by 2035. In Germany, renewable electricity generation will be 35 percent by 2020, and 50 percent by 2050. EIA projections of renewables penetration.

Renewable 220

Renewable West Virginia Energy USA 220

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2016

A US-wide county-level study comparing lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from several light-duty passenger gasoline and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has found that PEVs can have larger or smaller carbon footprints than gasoline vehicles depending on regional factors and the specific vehicle models being compared.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Plug-in Prius Plug 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2009

In ARB’s analysis, most vehicles on the road in 2050 will need to be electric drive, or ultra low-carbon fuel vehicles—i.e., electricity or hydrogen—by 2050 in order to achieve the required 80% reduction in greenhouse gases. DOE’s targets are $45/kW by 2010 and $30/kW by 2015. Earlier post.).

Hydrogen 150

Hydrogen Fuel California Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2013

The baseline carbon intensity for gasoline in the LCFS lookup table is 99.18 The plant was originally fueled by coal but was converted to natural gas in 2010. However, the Raizen COPI mill exports surplus co-generated electricity to the public grid. gCO 2 e/MJ for the corn ethanol, down to 10.64 gCO 2 e/MJ and 98.03

Oil 247

Oil Gas Gas-Electric California 247

Revenge of the Electric Car

APRIL 6, 2010

This Tesla is one of a number of electric cars coming on the market. Will Electric Cars Give New York a Charge? The number of electric cars bought, according to the study, “may be significantly less if these assumptions do not materialize.&# ‘ Here is the text of the entire article, in case the link goes bad: [link].

New York City 167

New York City New York Obama Tax Credit 167

Green Car Congress

MARCH 15, 2010

OBE will launch its first facility, Appomattox Bio Energy (ABE), in Hopewell, VA in July 2010 and plans to be at full production (65 million gallons/year) by the end of the year. An advanced biofuel has a carbon footprint that is 50% or less of conventional gasoline and OBE plans to start the certification process by Q4 2010.

Energy 186

Energy EPA Virginia Carbon 186