Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2012

Oil remains the world’s leading fuel, but its 33.1% Oil demand grew by less than 1%—the slowest rate amongst fossil fuels—while gas grew by 2.2%, and coal was the only fossil fuel with above average annual consumption growth at 5.4% The fossil fuel mix continues to change with oil, the world’s leading fuel at 33.1%

Coal 261

Coal Oil Renewable Saudi Arabia 261

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2009

Oil is a strategic commodity second to none—it underlies the global economy and even the American way of life. Of course, other countries benefit from this fact, with about $900 million flowing out of the US to buy foreign oil every day, and about 40% of that going to OPEC. [ Source: EIA. Click to enlarge.

Oil 255

Oil Transportation Congress Fuel Economy 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2009

World production of fossil fuels—oil, coal, and natural gas—increased 2.9% in 2008 to reach 27.4 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe) per day, according to a Worldwatch Institute analysis. Energy prices reflected this shift: oil peaked at $144 per barrel in July, then fell to $34 per barrel in December.

2008 150

2008 Oil-Sands Fuel Production 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 27, 2013

The world’s consumption of gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, heating oil, and other petroleum products reached a record high of 88.9 In 2009, Asia surpassed North America as the world’s largest petroleum-consuming region as consumption rebounded from its 2008 decline. Between 2008 and 2012, Asia’s consumption increased by 4.4

North America 261

North America 2012 America Europe 261

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2010

However, even with increases in 2010 and 2011, projected CO 2 emissions in 2011 are lower than annual emissions from 1999 through 2008. EIA projects that world oil consumption will grow by 1.5 Most of the growth in oil consumption is expected in the Asia-Pacific and Middle East regions. US crude oil production averaged 5.32

2008 186

2008 2010 Emissions Fuel 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2010

entered into a feasibility agreement with NASA to evaluate the potential use of castor oil as a viable and sustainable feedstock for production of biojet fuel—also known as Bio Synthesized Paraffinic Kerosene (Bio-SPK) and Hydroprocessed Renewable Jet (HRJ). In 2008, Monsanto Company and Evogene Ltd. In April 2009 Evogene Inc.

Oil 186

Oil Israel Oil Prices Brazil 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 7, 2015

Many oil companies had trimmed their budgets heading into 2015 to deal with lower oil prices. But the collapse of prices in July—owing to the Iran nuclear deal, an ongoing production surplus, and economic and financial concerns in Greece and China—have darkened the mood. by Nick Cunningham of Oilprice.com.

Oil 150

Oil Saudi Arabia Supplies Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 20, 2011

Between 2004 and 2008, global energy intensity experienced its sharpest decline in 30 years, with an average annual growth rate of 1.87%. Starting in 2008-09, however, energy intensity again bumped up, experiencing the first rise in three decades.

2010 246

2010 Global Energy 2008 246

Green Car Congress

MAY 20, 2009

in 2008 to 5,802 million metric tons of carbon dioxide (MMTCO 2 ), down from 5,967 MMTCO 2 in 2007, according to preliminary estimates released by the Energy Information Administration (EIA). Only one other year in the 1990 to 2008 time period experienced a decline: 1.2% Energy-related CO 2 emissions declined by 2.8% Source: EIA.

2008 150

2008 Emissions Carbon Transportation 150

Green Car Reports

OCTOBER 5, 2012

With the Golden State already paying some of the highest gas prices in the nation, California drivers will find it's going to get more costly than ever to fill their tanks. According to Reuters, oil analyst Tom Kloza, chief oil analyst for Oil Price Information Service, expects the.

2008 145

2008 California Gas Price 145

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2009

A new study by the French institute Enerdata, commissioned by the European Federation for Transport & Environment (T&E), suggests that the European CO 2 standards for new vehicles due to come into effect in 2012 will lead not only to a European savings on oil (mainly via lower oil import volumes) but also to slightly lower global oil prices.

Oil 150

Oil Standards Price Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 25, 2010

Canadian Oil Sands Trust, the largest stakeholder (36.74%) in the Syncrude oil sands project, announced plans to increase the synthetic crude oil production capacity at Syncrude Mildred Lake upgrader to 425,000 barrels per day by 2020 from 350,000 now. Marcel Coutu, Canadian Oil Sands’ President and CEO. and Imperial Oil.

Oil-Sands 199

Oil-Sands Oil 2020 2009 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 2, 2015

The current plunge in oil prices will likely negatively affect plug-in and hybrid vehicle sales in the short term; automakers such as BMW are already warning of lower sales of plug-in vehicles given the market context. Anticipated price of oil and forecast plug-in sales. Lux on the price of oil.

Plug-in 150

Plug-in Oil Cheap Plug 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2010

in November 2009 compared to the same month in 2008, according to figures released by Betty T. compared to January through November of 2008. percent in November 2009 when Californians used 1.170 billion gallons of gasoline compared to 1.198 billion gallons in November 2008. in November 2008, a 19.9% per gallon.

2009 199

2009 Gasoline California Diesel 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2010

In the paper, Nataliya Malyshkina and Deb Niemeier point out that the peak of oil production is estimated to occur approximately between 2010 and 2030, and note that all those dates are considerably earlier than their estimate of the time until renewable replacement technologies are viable in the market (around 2140).

Davis 300

Davis Renewable Gasoline Diesel 300

DIY Electric Car

NOVEMBER 28, 2010

The True Cause of Recessions: OIL. I was asked to speak about the economic impact of our oil dependency and so I began researching this topic to see if I could draw some insightful conclusions. All of the recessions listed above were caused by oil except the early 2000 recession that was caused by September 11th, 2001.

USA 180

USA Oil Prices Oil 2007 180

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2020

The magnitude of gasoline demand decline will be much greater than the impact of the 2008 recession and could be further protracted depending on how effective social distancing measures are at controlling the spread of the COVID-19 virus. during the global recession in 2008/2009. million units. million units, down by at least 15.3%

Gasoline 269

Gasoline 2020 Gasoline-Electric 2008 269

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2009

US traffic volumes started declining in November 2007 as oil prices rose and experienced dramatic drops in 2008. While traffic volumes have shown some year-over-year gains earlier this year, June marks the first month when driving was higher in all regions of the United States and on all types of roads.

Miles 210

Miles Vehicles Oil Prices 2009 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2010

By 2030, the typical US household’s annual income would rise by $2,763 (2008 dollars). trillion (2008 dollars) in aggregate income—money that can be saved or spent on other goods and services. Oil Imports. US crude oil and petroleum product imports would fall sharply, by 3.2 billion fewer barrels of foreign oil.

Grid 186

Grid 2008 Vehicles Oil 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2011

” Their analysis is in the context of the “ surprising [oil] demand strength of 2010 “; 2010 saw absolute incremental demand at around 2.2mb/d of growth—the second highest in 30 years, despite oil prices in the $90/bbl region. In the US hybrids fell from about 3% of total sales in 2008-09 to 2.2%

Transportation 250

Transportation Gasoline Lithium Ion 2010 250

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2012

savings stimulated by high oil prices led to a decrease of 3% in CO 2 emissions in the European Union and of 2% in both the United States and Japan. tonnes per capita, despite a decline due to the recession in 2008-2009, high oil prices and an increased share of natural gas. tonnes per capita.

2011 236

2011 Emissions CO2 Global 236

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2011

In 2008, a report by UNEP called for the elimination of fossil-fuel subsidies, concluding that such subsidies often lead to increased levels of consumption and waste; place a heavy burden on government finances; can undermine private and public investment in the energy sector; and do not always end up helping the people who need them most.

Fuel 240

Fuel Global 2008 International 240

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 26, 2010

Jack Rosebro, founder of Perfect Sky in Los Angeles [and a contributor to Green Car Congress ], spoke of the need for government policy makers to move beyond incremental changes that are not providing enough incentive for the market to produce alternatives to oil as the almost exclusive source of energy for road and rail transportation.

Electric Vehicles 186

Electric Vehicles Vehicles Los Angeles Canada 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

World oil prices have fallen sharply from their July 2008 high mark. As the world’s economies recover, higher world oil prices are assumed to return and to persist through 2030. In the IEO2009 reference case, world oil prices rise to $110 per barrel in 2015 (in real 2007 dollars) and $130 per barrel in 2030.

2006 150

2006 Emissions Energy Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2022

According to EIA’s September 2022 Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO) , the US natural gas spot price at the Henry Hub will continue to climb this winter, reaching a monthly average of $9.10 That price will be the highest inflation-adjusted monthly average price since 2008. per million British thermal units in January 2023.

Gas 150

Gas Price Global Gas-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2009

Penetration rates for the PHEV-10 and the PHEV-40 were compared to a Reference Case that assumes high oil prices and fuel economy standards specified by EISA 2007 (with modest increases after 2020, when those standards level off), as described in the 2008 Hydrogen Report from NRC. Click to enlarge.

Plug-in 186

Plug-in Plug Hybrid PHEV 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 7, 2015

Lower crude oil prices and strong demand for petroleum products, primarily gasoline, both in the United States and globally, have led to favorable margins that encourage refinery investment and high refinery runs. The record high gross inputs reflect both higher refinery capacity and higher utilization rates.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline 2014 Louisiana Oil 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2009

Preliminary analysis suggests that Virent’s BioForming process can compete economically with petroleum-based fuels and chemicals at crude oil prices of $60 a barrel. Also in 2008, Shell and Virent announced their collaboration. Production of Conventional Liquid Fuels from Sugars (Virent 2008 whitepaper).

Green 150

Green Fuel 2008 Water 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

The Annual Energy Outlook 2011 (AEO2011) Reference case released yesterday by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) more than doubles the technically recoverable US shale gas resources assumed in AEO2010 and added new shale oil resources. US crude oil production increases from 5.4 —EIA Administrator Richard Newell.

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 7, 2009

Background colors of the cells represent the crude oil price required for economic feasibility. These synthetic fuels are economically competitive with petro-diesel when the crude oil price (COP) is at or above $86 per barrel (based on a 20% rate of return, in January 2008 dollars, with a carbon price of zero).

Diesel 186

Diesel Carbon Fuel Coal 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 31, 2009

A crude oil price of US$100/bbl results in an approximate cost of €0.56/L Biomass is pyrolized to a pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis oil is mixed with pyrolysis coke from the process to create a biocrude slurry for transport and subsequent gasification to syngas and subsequent catalytic conversion to chemicals and/or fuels.

Cost Of 150

Cost Of Motors Motoring Motor 150

Plug In Partners

JANUARY 26, 2006

At Detroit's auto show, it unveiled a Chinese car that Geely plans to upgrade and sell in the United States in 2008. The price for what could be China's first foray into America's overheated love affair with cars: around $10,000. That's good, but it would behoove Ford to make sure that it doesn't lose sight of the larger issue.

Oil Prices 100

Oil Prices Detroit Auto Industry Chinese 100

Plug In Partners

JUNE 11, 2008

Japan and Europe by 2010 By Yuri Kageyama, The Associated Press June 11, 2008 TOKYO -- Toyota is introducing a plug-in hybrid with next-generation lithium-ion batteries in the U.S., On June 11 and 12, the Brookings Institution and Google.org will host a conference entitled “ Plug-In Electric Vehicles 2008: What Role for Washington ?”

Plug-in 100

Plug-in Toyota Plug Nickel Metal Hydride 100

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 5, 2009

Unless crude oil prices rise significantly, GAO found, the VEETC is not expected to stimulate ethanol consumption beyond the level the RFS. DOE and USDA, the principal federal sponsors of biofuels R&D, obligated about $500 million to develop advanced cellulosic biofuels in fiscal year 2008. specifies this year.

Tax Credit 170

Tax Credit Industry Industrial Tax 170

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 17, 2015

The report, “ Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2014 ”, concludes that biomass, hydropower, geothermal and onshore wind are all competitive with or cheaper than coal, oil and gas-fired power stations, even without financial support and despite falling oil prices.

Renewable 150

Renewable Parts Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2009

How did the high fuel prices impact customer behavior in 2008? Skalny, Director, US Army TARDEC shared the following insights on fuel usage within the Department of Defense (DOD): Every $10/barrel increase in oil prices adds $1.3 The cells make up the remainder. Department of Defense and Fuel Economy.

Congress 150

Congress 2009 Cash For Clunkers Li-ion 150