Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 (ozone), is significantly associated with increasing emphysema, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. The annual averages of ozone levels in study areas were between about 10 and 25 ppb.

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Pollution Ozone Washington Universal 223

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2009

The European Community’s air pollutant emission inventory report released by the European Environment Agency finds that in 2007, sulphur oxides (SO x ) emissions were down by 72 % from 1990 levels. EU-27 emissions of all four pollutants were lower in 2007 than in 2006.

Pollution 236

Pollution Emissions Czech Republic United Kingdom 236

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2010

million program that Governor Schwarzenegger approved in 2007 to spur technological innovation in the transportation sector. Cars and trucks account for over half of the emissions that contribute to ozone and particulate matter as well as about 30% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in California.

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Plug-in California Emissions Plug 225

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

per year from 2000-2007. In 2007, summer sea ice in the Arctic Ocean shrank to its smallest extent ever, 24% less than the previous record in 2005, and 34% less than the average minimum extent in the period 1970-2000. In 2008, the minimum ice extent was 9% greater than in 2007, but still the second lowest on record. Ecosystems.

Climate Change 259

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone 259

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2014

After ten years in orbit, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite has been in orbit sufficiently long to show that people in major US cities are breathing less nitrogen dioxide. They show how nitrogen dioxide concentrations during spring and summer months, averaged from 2005-2007, compare to the average from 2009-2011.

Ozone 210

Ozone Maryland Pollution Aura 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 14, 2018

From 2007 to 2017, US NO x emissions dropped by more than 40%. EPA expects that any update to the standards will result in significant mobile source NO x reductions, which will aid communities across the country in the attainment of ozone and particulate matter standards. —Acting EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler.

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EPA Cleaner Standards 2001 249

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2010

Rush Truck Centers and SACE will determine select used trucks to be retrofitted, and buyers will also have the option of choosing to retrofit a pre-2007 vehicle from other trucks in inventory at the dealer’s locations. The Clean Trucks Make Cents program will finance up to 100% of the purchase or lease of a pre-2007 tractor-trailer.

Cleaner 186

Cleaner Clean Cleaning EPA 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

1 from shipping in 2007, corresponding to 3.3% 1 of the total ship emissions in 2007. In addition to CO 2 , other compounds such as ozone (O 3 ) precursors (nitrogen oxides (NO x =NO+NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) and aerosols such as black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) are emitted by ships.

Climate 240

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007 240

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2009

from 2007 to 2008. While the concentration of CH 4 was stable for seven years (from 1999 to 2006), both 2007 and 2008 show a significant increase. ppb higher than in 2007, and 19% above the pre-industrial level. ppm, CH 4 at 1,797 ppb and N 2 O at 321.8 since 1990 and by 1.3% ppm, an increase of 2.0 Methane contributes 18.2%

2008 218

2008 2003 2007 Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2019

EPA finds that California does not need its GHG and ZEV standards to meet compelling and extraordinary conditions because: Those standards address environmental problems that are not particular or unique to California (an argument adduced by the Bush administration’s EPA when it denied California’s waiver request in 2007, earlier post ); and.

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Fuel Economy EPA Economy Fuel 220

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

1990; Anisimov, 2007] and chemical production of ozone in already-polluted locations [Jacobson, 2008b]. These three gases are all greenhouse gases, and ozone is a surface air pollutant. Warming of the air by any chemical, including soot, enhances natural surface emissions of water vapor [e.g., Dessler et al., Guenther et al.,

Global 230

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2009

After a thorough scientific review ordered in 2007 by the US Supreme Court, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a proposal with two distinct findings regarding greenhouse gases. Climate change has the potential to produce increases in ground-level ozone in many regions, according to the report.

EPA 150

EPA Climate Change Ozone Motoring 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2013

R134a replaced CFC-12 as the MAC refrigerant in the early 1990s due to the negative impact of CFCs on the Earth’s ozone layer. Baker (2007) Demonstration of an Energy-Efficient Secondary Loop HFC-152a Mobile Air Conditioning System. Mahmoud Ghodbane, Timothy D. Craig, and James A.

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Future CO2 2009 Climate 311

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2009

In October 2007, the company pled guilty to a felony violation of the Clean Air Act and agreed to pay a $50 million fine for violations related to the explosion, the largest criminal fine ever assessed against a corporation for Clean Air Act violations.

Texas 150

Texas Ozone Diesel Parts 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 7, 2020

From 2007 to 2017, US NO x emissions dropped by more than 40%. The ANPR provides an opportunity for comment on the extent to which EPA should adopt provisions similar to those expected in the CARB Omnibus proposal.

EPA 150

EPA Ozone Clean Cleaning 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

Emissions from transportation sources were relatively constant from 2002 through 2007, declined through 2013, then increased by 9.0 The transportation sector represents tailpipe emissions from on-road vehicles and direct emissions from other off-road mobile sources. It does not include emissions from petroleum refineries and oil production.

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2017 2016 Transportation Emissions 230

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2009

In 2007, Jacobson and four colleagues testified in the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform on the role of black carbon. C increased Arctic warming from 1890 to 2007. C increased Arctic warming from 1890 to 2007. F, with about 40% due to ozone. Earlier post.). Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

Carbon 150

Carbon EPA Ozone Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

Unregulated pollutants also include ozone precursors and bioaccumulative and toxic compounds. This engine also has an EGR system and is further equipped with a DOC and a catalyzed DPF that meets 2007 emissions regulations. L engine was operated under both 2004 and 2007 calibrations. The second engine was a Ford 2008 6.4

Pollution 231

Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine 231

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2009

NO x helps create ground-level ozone, or smog. Other sources of diesel particulate matter such as big rig trucks, transit buses, trash trucks, cargo-handling equipment and ship auxiliary engines have already been addressed through regulations, along with diesel fuel.

Diesel 170

Diesel Emissions California 2007 170

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2009

Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. World ethanol production for transport fuel tripled between 2000 and 2007 from 17 billion to more than 52 billion liters (13.7 Source: “Assessing Biofuels”. Click to enlarge. billion gallons US) liters.

Ozone 186

Ozone Water Emissions Oil 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

80.27, “high ozone season” means the period from June 1 to September 15 of any calendar year and “regulatory control period” means the period from May 1 to September 15 of any calendar year. SAE paper # 2007-01-2648. Current Legal Requirement for Use of Anhydrous Ethanol in the United States. 40 CFR § 80.27 Pursuant to 40 CFR § 80.27(a)(2):

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2009

The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate. Unger et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate 150

Climate Emissions Transportation Climate Change 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2012

Meeting the full requirements of the 36 billion gallons per year of biofuel required by the US Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 entirely with ethanol fuel. This is accompanied by a modest regional decrease in surface ozone (of order 1%).

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North America America Emissions Fuel 240

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

exhaust from heavy-duty diesel engines meeting EPA 2007 and later emissions requirements—has found no evidence of carcinogenic lung tumors. The study exposed laboratory rats 80 hours a week, for up to 30 months, to emissions from a heavy-duty diesel engine meeting 2007 US EPA standards using new filters and other control technology.

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Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2015

This study builds on the 2007 Environmental Assessment of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles by EPRI and NRDC ( earlier post ), which showed that plug-in hybrid electric vehicles could contribute to reductions in national greenhouse gas emissions, while also leading to improved air quality. levels throughout the United States.

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EPRI Cleaner Grid Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2016

grams per brake horsepower hour (g/bhp-hr), and constitute a 90% reduction of emissions compared to the previous standard (CARB 2007) of 2.0 The California Air Resources Board (CARB) 2010 emission standards for heavy-duty engines establish a limit for NO x emissions of 0.2

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Grant Gas Engine Energy 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

The global economic crisis 2007/2008 only temporarily reduced emissions. Additionally, reducing transport emissions of particulate matter (including black carbon), tropospheric ozone and aerosol precursors (including NO x ) can have human health and mitigation co?benefits GtCO 2 eq (1.3%) per year from 1970 to 2000.

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Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate 257

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

Damages are expressed in cents per VMT (2007 USD). The committee that wrote the report focused on monetizing the damage of major air pollutants—sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, and particulate matter—on human health, grain crops and timber yields, buildings, and recreation. Source: “Hidden Costs of Energy”. Click to enlarge.

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2005 Cost Of Energy Coal 246

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2011

In 2005, Congress enacted the Renewable Fuel Standard as part of the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) and amended it in the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA). Biofuels production has been shown to have both positive and negative effects on water quality, soil, and biodiversity. Barriers and opportunities.

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Renewable Tax Credit Conversion Fuel 252

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2010

ARB staff reviewed four offset protocols and recommends that they be approved as part of this regulatory package: (1) the Urban Forest Projects Protocol; (2) the US Ozone Depleting Substances Projects Protocol; (3) the Livestock Manure (Digester) Projects Protocol; and (4) the US Forest Projects Protocol. Offset Protocols.

2015 210

2015 Transportation Fuel Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

A few studies also include other relevant impact indicators as acidification potential, eutrophication potential, ozone depletion potential and various toxicity potentials. 2007) may not be robust. ” In 2007/08, 0.9% However very few studies include water use impacts. In the introductory paper to the collection, Howarth et al.

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Conversion Water Emissions 2009 150

Green Cars News

APRIL 19, 2009

After a thorough scientific review was ordered by the US Supreme Court in 2007, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued a proposal on greenhouse gases. The analysis also looked at the impact of climate change on human health and suggests that it may lead to higher levels of ground-level ozone, a harmful pollutant.

EPA 39

EPA Gas Climate Change Arlington 39

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The draft amends the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 to include nonprofit hospitals and public health facilities among public institutions eligible for grants and loans for energy efficiency. The draft adds HFCs to the list of similar substances that EPA currently regulates because they deplete the ozone layer.

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Climate Standards Carbon California 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In February 2008, GRF became one of the first forests—and the largest—to receive verification as a source of greenhouse gas reductions under the protocols of the Climate Action Reserve , adopted by the California Air Resources Board in 2007. ozone depletion potential (ODP). photochemical ozone creation potential.

Carbon 150

Carbon Personal Store Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2010

The US, Canada, and Mexico have submitted a proposal to strengthen climate protection under the Montreal Protocol— the international treaty that phases out the production of a number of substances responsible for ozone depletion. The proposal targets the production and use of HFCs, a group of “super” greenhouse gases. Source: IGSD.

Ozone 170

Ozone Micronesia Climate Protection Climate 170

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2013

The researchers used tropospheric NO 2 columns retrieved from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite, which measures NO 2 throughout the atmosphere in the afternoon around the world. The variation is a reflection of regional differences such as industrial development, per capita emissions and geography. ppb (India).

Pollution 261

Pollution Powered Power India 261

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2017

Although China and India remain the world’s largest consumers of coal, a new University of Maryland-led study found that China’s sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 75% since 2007, while India’s emissions increased by 50%. The results suggest that India is becoming, if it is not already, the world’s top sulfur dioxide emitter.

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India 2007 Emissions Coal 170