Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2010

Examples of emerging oil sands related technologies and trade-offs. The paper is an examination of how various choices about the scale of the life cycle analysis applied to oil sands (i.e., The source material is neither oil nor tar but bitumen, but is most generally described as an example of ultraheavy oil.”.

Oil-Sands 225

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Coal 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2009

The US Department of the Interior (DOI) is offering additional opportunities for energy companies to conduct oil shale research, development and demonstration (RD&D) projects on public lands in Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming. The minimum quantity of commercial production to be eligible for conversion is 10,000 bbl/day. Earlier post.)

Oil 170

Oil Commercial Oil-Sands Wyoming 170

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2011

The Bakken is a prime US unconventional oil play, and is believed to be one of the largest, if not the largest, oil accumulation in the US. The tight oil is extracted in the same way as shale gas, through horizontal wells and hydraulic fracturing. In the Bakken formation, the oil is extracted from tight carbonate.

Oil 199

Oil Norway North Dakota Austin 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2012

The RED, adopted in 2009, includes a 10% target for the use of renewable energy in road transport fuels by 2020. In this paper, we recalculate the GHG emissions saving potential of rapeseed biodiesel based on the background data provided by the EU and realistic assumptions and data from the rapeseed biodiesel production.

2009 244

2009 Oil Emissions 2006 244

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2010

Cradle-to-Gate (farmer-to-product) pathways for soybeans. An updated life cycle assessment (LCA) of soybean production and products commissioned by the United Soybean Board found multiple energy and environmental benefits of current US soybean farming and processing. kilograms per 1,000 kilograms of oil produced to 2.96

Production 210

Production 2001 2007 2004 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2014

Technologies like direct fuel injection found their way in to series production via the Silver Arrows of the 1950s. A development loop was completed from production to KERS (2009), the first foray of hybrids into F1, to production (AMG SLS Electric Drive) to a fully Hybrid F1 2014 (W05 Hybrid). By 2009, it was at 25.3

Mercedes 199

Mercedes Engine Production Cars 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2009

Using CO 2 injection for enhanced oil recovery (EOR)—an established commercial practice that currently annually consumes some 50 million metric tons of CO 2 (the majority from natural accumulations)—has also been identified as a method of sequestering CO 2 captured from industrial sources, such as power plants. CO 2 flooding for oil recovery.

Oil 186

Oil Carbon Emissions CO2 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2010

The development will utilize a dry tree Extended Tension Leg Platform with an on-board drilling rig and have production capacity of 75,000 barrels of oil and 25 million cubic feet of natural gas per day. First oil is anticipated in 2014. Chevron, through its subsidiary Chevron USA Inc.,

Chevron 186

Chevron Mexico Oil-Sands Louisiana 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2012

INPEX Corporation, JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation, Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd, Cosmo Oil Co., Ltd, and Chiyoda Corporation established the Nippon GTL Technology Research Association in October 2006 and conducted the project in cooperation with Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation. Earlier post.).

Japan 210

Japan Corporation Oil 2006 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 18, 2009

billion went to traditional sources—such as coal and oil—and $2.3 Other finds from the study include: Subsidies to fossil fuels generally increased over the study period (though they decreased in 2008), while funding for renewables increased but saw a precipitous drop in 2006-07 (though they increased in 2008). Source: Adeyeye et al.

Renewable 338

Renewable Tax Credit Fuel Climate Change 338

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2011

25 city car as the test bed, Shell engineers formulated an ultra low viscosity 0W-10 motor oil. The testing undertaken compares this concept lubricant to a 10W-30 oil which is a widely used viscosity in European markets. —Selda Gunsel, Vice President Lubricants and B2B Products Technology at Shell Lubricants.

Fuel Economy 210

Fuel Economy Concept Engine Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2013

Butamax Advanced Biofuels LLC, the biobutanol technology company formed as a joint venture between DuPont and BP, and Highwater Ethanol LLC, a producer of first-generation corn ethanol, have begun to retrofit Highwater’s ethanol plant in Lamberton, Minnesota for the production of bio-isobutanol. Today, our vision is becoming reality.

Gasoline 230

Gasoline Water Convert Minnesota 230

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2012

The amount of electricity used to produce each vehicle in Ford’s manufacturing facilities has been reduced by about 800 kilowatt-hours—from 3,576 kWh in 2006 to 2,778 kWh in 2011. cubic meters per vehicle in 2011 within a corporate goal of reducing the amount of water used per vehicle by 30% between 2009 and 2015.

2016 256

2016 Ford Manufacturer Energy 256

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2010

These catalysts can meet the stringent requirements for today’s products, including the production of feedstocks for downstream processing such as naphtha reforming, isomerization, or FCC and resid catalytic cracking. In August 2009, eight airlines signed a multi-year agreement with Rentech to together purchase up to 1.5

Conversion 207

Conversion Renewable Fuel Los Angeles 207

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2009

Process flow diagram for the production of synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK) for jet fuel. The initial fuel, to be tested in a 50:50 blend, will be delivered in 2009 and 2010 to support certification and testing of alternative fuels for US military aircraft. Natural oils contain oxygen and have a high molecular weight.

Renewable 199

Renewable Fuel Oil Alternative Fuels 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2013

vegetable oils and animal fats)—will likely be used to meet a large fraction of the renewable content requirement, the authors note. The study assessed the potential human health implications of the widespread use of biodiesel in Canada compared to those from ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) in 2006 and 2020. —Rouleau et al.

Canada 186

Canada 2006 Exhaust Emissions 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 25, 2009

For its Technology Day 2009 in Germany, BMW focused on describing its work with aerodyanmics, engines and transmissions in the context of its EfficientDyanmics development strategy. From 2006 to 2008, BMW’s average fuel consumption and CO 2 ratings decreased by 16%, the average MINI ratings by 20%. Click to enlarge.

BMW 199

BMW 2009 Engine Gasoline-Electric 199

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 22, 2014

PME= palm oil methyl ester, RME = rapeseed methyl ester, SME = soy methyl ester, WME = waste cooking oil methyl ester, FTD = Fischer-Tropsch diesel, HBD = hydrogenated biodiesel. JAMA bases its postion on the results of study from the Japan Auto-Oil Program subsidized by Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI).

Japan 199

Japan Diesel Oil Fuel 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2015

billion barrels of foreign oil and reduced US transportation-related carbon emissions by 589.33 Within the bounds of the first scenario, for years 2006-2009, BIO applied the established RVO percentages only to gasoline use (since RFS2 came into effect only in July 2010). million metric tons. Source: BIO. Click to enlarge.

Carbon 150

Carbon Emissions 2005 Renewable 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 15, 2013

Data for MY 2011 are final; data for MY 2012 are preliminary and based on projected vehicle production values provided to EPA by manufacturers. Using a 5-year timeframe, CO 2 emission rates have decreased by 10% and fuel economy values have increased by 11% from MY 2006-2011. Changes in light-duty vehicle technology penetration share.

Fuel Economy 284

Fuel Economy 2012 EPA Economy 284

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2009

China’s Yitai Group’s 160,000 tonne/year coal-to-liquids (CTL) plant in northern China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has produced qualified diesel oil and naphtha in its trial run. Construction of this indirect coal liquefaction project started in 2006 with a combined investment of near 2.7

Mongolia 150

Mongolia China Diesel Coal 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2010

Liquid fuel consumption by end-use sector, 2006-2030. The transportation sector is set to experience significant growth, increased dependence on oil and risk of an escalation in greenhouse gasses. Source: CDP. Click to enlarge. CDP drew on two datasets for the analysis. Carbon Disclosure Project Transport Report.

Global 218

Global Transportation Carbon Emissions 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

With the approval of the alternative jet fuel specification for HEFA—sometimes referred to as “hydroprocessed renewable jet” (HRJ) fuel—hydroprocessing of plant oils becomes another pathway for production of alternative jet fuels. Calio, President and CEO of the Air Transport Association (ATA). Earlier post.).

Fuel 186

Fuel Alternative Fuels 2006 Cleaner 186

DIY Electric Car

NOVEMBER 28, 2010

The True Cause of Recessions: OIL. I was asked to speak about the economic impact of our oil dependency and so I began researching this topic to see if I could draw some insightful conclusions. All of the recessions listed above were caused by oil except the early 2000 recession that was caused by September 11th, 2001.

USA 180

USA Oil Prices Oil 2001 180

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2010

The California LCFS calls for at least a 10% reduction from 2006 levels in the carbon intensity (measured in gCO 2 e/MJ) of California’s transportation fuels by 2020. These charges echo those in a complaint against the LCFS filed by two ethanol trade groups—the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) and Growth Energy—in December 2009.

California 199

California Oil-Sands Oil 2005 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2009

will show its Solid Selective Catalyst Reduction (SSCR) System—based on the use of solid ammonium carbamate (NH 4 NH 2 CO 2 ) as the reductant—installed in a Dodge Ram pickup truck at the 2009 SAE World Congress, 20-23 April in Detroit. Ammonium carbamate is used in the commercial production of urea. MTZ Worldwide. Pârvulescu.

Dodge 150

Dodge 2006 2003 2005 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 18, 2009

Overview of UOP’s Bio-SPK production process. According to the study, Evaluation of Bio-Derived Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (Bio-SPK) , a series of laboratory, ground and flight tests conducted between 2006 and 2009 indicated the Bio-SPK test fuels performed as well as or better than typical petroleum-based Jet A.

Fuel 150

Fuel Industrial Industry New Zealand 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2013

With increasing pressure from air pollution, oil consumption and congestion, China is compelled to reinvent propulsion technologies. … With the 10 th 5-year Plan (“10-5”, 2002-2006), the government introduced the goal of developing and commercializing electric vehicles. The key threat to China’s trade balance is oil and LNG imports.

Transportation 273

Transportation Future Energy China 273

Green Cars News

APRIL 30, 2009

Reforms to VED have been confirmed as anticipated and the new 13-band system will come into effect from 1st May 2009. Other detail changes from 6th April 2011 include: Drivers of Euro IV diesel cars registered before the 1st January 2006 are currently taxed at the same percentage rate as drivers of cars fitted with a petrol engine.

Sustainable Transportation 39

Sustainable Transportation 2009 Transportation Tax 39

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 12, 2010

Unfavourable mixtures of liquid fuels, water and air lead to degradation by local hot spots in the sensitive catalysts and to formation of unwanted by-products in the reformer. methanol, diesel and bio-oils), further reducing the overall fuel cell system complexity and cost. 2006) Cool flame evaporation for diesel reforming technology.

Norway 199

Norway Diesel Fuel Hydrogen 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 6, 2009

The Masdar Institute of Science and Technology in Abu Dhabi will lead the study, which will examine the overall potential for sustainable, large-scale production of biofuels made from salicornia bigelovii and saltwater mangroves. Halophytes can be productive sources of biomass energy; for example, salicornia seed is 32% oil by mass.

Renewable 218

Renewable Fuel Industrial Industry 218

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

CRI, founded in 2006 in Reykjavik, Iceland, is developing technology to produce renewable methanol from clean energy and recycled CO 2 emissions. CSI says this is the world’s first production of a liquid renewable transport fuel from non-biological sources of energy. Click to enlarge.

Renewable 150

Renewable Carbon Water Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 15, 2010

Verenium will retain its commercial enzyme business, including its biofuels enzymes products and have the right to develop its own lignocellulosic enzyme program. Full coverage and discussion on The Oil Drum. Since 2006, BP has announced investments of more than $1.5 million payment from BP; $10.8 Earlier post.)

San Diego 170

San Diego Legal Commercial Corporation 170

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2009

For MY 2009, GM is offering 6 engine variants with direct injection in 10 models in North America, 18 worldwide. The MY 2009 engines include three 2.0-liter The cylinder head has integral cast oil passages that feed a set of internal oil control valves that activate cam phasers, enabling variable valve timing. GMC Acadia.

Gasoline 170

Gasoline Engine Oil-Sands Saturn 170

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2009

February, 2009 : Record heat waves in late January and early February overloaded urban energy, water, and transport systems in the southernmost states of South Australia and Victoria and intensified hundreds of seasonal and man-made bushfires throughout the countryside, killing 374 people.

Climate 236

Climate Climate Change 2009 Emissions 236

Revenge of the Electric Car

JULY 14, 2009

Hans Greimel Automotive News July 6, 2009 - 12:01 am ET. “A lot of Americans really want to stop using imported oil,&# he says. “By the time the electric car comes on line in 2012, the economy in California will be in a better place,&# says Driebe, the 2006 chairman of the Nissan Dealer Advisory Board.

Nissan 124

Nissan Japan United States Gasoline-Electric 124