Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

quadrillion Btu in 2035, as a result of fuel economy improvements achieved through stock turnover as older, less efficient vehicles are replaced by newer, more fuel-efficient vehicles. Beyond 2035, LDV energy demand begins to level off as increases in travel demand begin to exceed fuel economy improvements in the vehicle stock.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

AEO2015 presents updated projections for US energy markets through 2040 based on six cases (Reference, Low and High Economic Growth, Low and High Oil Price, and High Oil and Gas Resource) that reflect updated scenarios for future crude oil prices. trillion cubic feet (Tcf) in the Low Oil Price case to 13.1

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2010

It discriminates both on its face, and as applied, against transportation fuels and fuel feedstocks imported from outside of California with the intended effect of (i) promoting in-state production of transportation fuels, and (ii) “keep[ing] consumer dollars local by reducing the need to make fuel purchases from beyond [California’s] borders.”.

California 199

California Oil-Sands Oil 2005 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2016

Among the key findings of the study were: Maintaining the existing vehicle efficiency and fuels regulations to 2030 will lower tank-to-wheel GHG emissions from road transport to 647 Mt representing a 29% reduction compared to 2005 levels, achieving almost aspired level for 2030. GHG abatement in road transport sector will cost approx.

Emissions 150

Emissions Transportation Fuel Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2012

The EU has also made a commitment to reduce emissions in sectors outside the EU ETS, including transportation, by 10% on year-2005 levels by 2020. 10% (depending on scenario) from NNP values, primarily due to the use of alternative fuels from wood feedstocks. 19% compared to the NNP case.

Transportation 199

Transportation Europe Climate Change Emissions 199

Green Cars News

OCTOBER 15, 2009

Demand for oil in developed countries—currently 54 percent of all oil demand—has passed its peak, the latest research suggests. Industry analysts reckon oil demand in developed countries likely reached its all-time peak in 2005. million bpd of demand lost over the course of 2005 to 2009.

Oil 36

Oil 2005 Alternative Fuels Transportation 36

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2012

Building on LCFS policies already adopted in Europe, British Columbia, and California, the researchers looked at potential costs and benefits of reducing the carbon intensity of transportation fuels by 10 to 15 percent by 2030. gCO 2 e/MJ for diesel over the period 2005–2035. gCO 2 e/MJ for gasoline and from 92.0

Carbon 247

Carbon Oil-Sands Standards Design 247