Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 13, 2021

While hydrogen, electric and renewable fuels (produced from waste-based feedstocks) can all radically cut emissions compared with their diesel-powered counterparts, there are major variations in their effectiveness and efficiency in terms of cutting emissions depending on choices made over the full well- to-wheel life cycle.

Hydrogen 221

Hydrogen Energy Emissions Carbon 221

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2012

Comparison of relative contributions from various sources to total BC emissions between China and other countries/regions including India, North America, and Africa. Similarly, consumption of oil by a large number of non-state-owned small refineries before 2003 was counted only in the provincial statistics, but not by the national statistics.

2007 271

2007 Carbon Emissions China 271

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2016

Foster has served as the Self Defense Test Ship for Naval Surface Warfare Center since 2003. (US Navy engineers monitored the performance of the gas-turbine engines and generators while running on petroleum F-76 prior to taking on the ReadiDiesel to establish a baseline for comparison. The ex- Paul F.

Renewable 150

Renewable Diesel San Diego Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

Environmental costs are often not shown on financial statements because the bearers of such costs can be either particular individuals or society at large, are often both non-monetary and problematic to quantify for comparison with monetary values. It is predicted that by 2030, the global demand for freshwater will exceed supply by 40%.

Climate Change 310

Climate Change Water Climate Global 310

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2009

The RBAEF project, which was launched in 2003, is the most comprehensive study of the performance and cost of mature technologies for producing energy from biomass to date. Scenarios producing biofuels result in GHG displacements that are comparable to those dedicated to power production (e.g., >825

Emissions 170

Emissions Fuel Gas 2009 170

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

The comparison keeps being raised, though studies are conclusive: The "well-to-wheel" emissions of electric vehicles are lower than those from gasoline internal combustion vehicles. In some areas where wind and hydropower is wasted at night, the rate can be as low as 2-3 cents per kWh. Thats 20-25 cents a gallon.

Plug-in 61

Plug-in Plugin Plug Hybrid 61

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Despite this, a 2003 EPRI study , assuming only $2/gallon gas , zero buying incentives, and a PHEV premium of $3-$5,000 more than standard hybrids, shows that the total lifetime cost of ownership for a PHEV will be lower than that of any other vehicle type -- so the payback will be there. Power and Associates 2004 report ].

PHEV 37

PHEV Nickel Metal Hydride Prius EPRI 37