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Total energy consumption in the manufacturing sector decreased by 17% from 2002 to 2010, according to data from the US Energy Information Administration. US manufacturing used more than 14 quadrillion Btu of energy as a fuel in 2010, a decrease of 13% from the 2002 level. increases in their fuel consumption from 2002 to 2010.
Carbon emissions associated with increased exports from China (left), as part of a more systematic view of increased national emissions (right), 2002 to 2005. Researchers from Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States, estimated in the study that China’s 2005 carbon emissions were 80.59% or more higher than 2002 emissions. “
US subsidies for fuels and renewable energy, 2002-2008. The study, “Estimating US Government Subsidies to Energy Sources: 2002-2008”, found that fossil fuels benefited from approximately $72 billion over the seven-year period, while subsidies for renewable fuels totaled $29 billion. Nuclear was not included in the analysis.
China Datang Corporation began construction of China’s first major coal to synthetic natural gas project. The solely state-owned group was established on the basis of the partial power generation assets of former State Power Corporation of China in 2002. Output from the project is targeted at Beijing.
Underground coal gasification (UCG) company Cougar Energy Limited achieved the successful ignition of the Kunioon coal seam at it flagship Kingaroy plant in central Queensland, Australia, beginning the gasification process. The resulting syngas is being processed on site and the main flare has been ignited.
2002), respectively. For coal, oil, and natural gas, respectively, associated economic values of health impacts are $0.19–$0.45/kWh, For coal and oil, these costs are larger than the typical retail price of electricity, demonstrating the magnitude of the externality. The high (?) values are given by Laden et al.
Lignin is a complex chemical compound (a cross-linked amorphous phenolic polymer) and is the biomass component with highest energy content (9,000 - 11,000 Btu/lb compared to 7,300 - 7,500 for cellulose, Johnson 2002). Chevron says tests have shown that this produced water does not inhibit the lignin conversion.
The BP/Davy fixed-bed FT process produces diesel, jet fuel (JP8) and naphtha from natural gas, biomass- or coal-derived syngas. The Nikiski plant started production in 2002, using a proprietary cobalt-based BP catalyst. BP has been developing FT technology since 1981 and has been in partnership with Davy Process Technology since 1996.
Argonne National Laboratory received R&D 100 Awards in 2002 and 2006 for developing the technology and has completed successful pilot tests. We started our RW-EDI technology partnership with Argonne by advancing the use of this technology to allow impaired water to be used as cooling water in coal-based power plants.
Unintentional emission sectors: Coal burning, ferrous- and non-ferrous (Au, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) metal production, cement production. UNEP produced its first Global Mercury Assessment in 2002 and a subsequent study in 2007. Comparison of Hg emissions in 2005 and 2010, by selected sector and region. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.
Some of the findings of the report include: Global consumption of coal (responsible for about 40% total CO 2 emissions) grew in 2011 by 5%, whereas global consumption of natural gas and oil products increased by only 2% and 1%, respectively. Since 2002, annual economic growth in China accelerated from 4% to 11%, on average.
Since 2002, the average annual increase was almost 4%. Coal consumption: lower increase due to financial crisis and more renewable electricity. Global emissions from coal consumption increased by 3.5%, which was less than in previous years, where average annual increases were about 5%. Emissions increased by 1.7%
Unlike coal-fired and natural gas-fired power generation plants, geothermal plants produce virtually no greenhouse gas emissions. Zhaolin Gu and Haruki Sato (2002) Performance of supercritical cycles for geothermal binary design. Bliem and G.L.
About two-thirds of China’s methanol feedstock is produced from coal and the remainder from coking gas (a by-product of steel production) and natural gas. China has abundant coal resources, and for more than a decade the country has increased its capacity to manufacture methanol using coal as a feedstock.
The main reason for the increase is the accelerated economic activity in India and China over the last 20 years; top sources of black carbon include shipping, vehicle emissions, coal burning and inefficient stoves. According to Menon’s data, black carbon emitted in India increased by 46% from 1990 to 2000 and by another 51% from 2000 to 2010.
Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Company was a provincial mini-van maker before the formation of the SAIC GM Wuling joint venture (SGMW) in 2002. When I visited, the negotiations to form that JV were just being finalized.
In 2002 when she was just a freshman California Assemblywoman, this former school teacher worked with Bluewater Network (which later merged with Friends of the Earth ) to author the Assembly Bill that made California the first state to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in automobiles. See, you really should have been there.
Reducing the projected, high-volume manufacturing cost of automotive fuel cell systems from $275/kW in 2002 to $73/kW in 2008 and improving the projected durability of fuel cell systems in vehicles from 950 hours in 2006 to 1,900 hours in 2008. The 2015 cost target was $2-$3/gge.
Though the show’s name and network changed in 2016, our presenters Clarkson, Hammond, and May, their directorial staff, and production team have been with us since old Top Gear was reborn in 2002. May didn’t join the show until season two in 2003, but nobody remembers used car man Jason Dawe.
With oil prices surging in the summer of 2008, the annual increase in global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from oil, coal, gas and cement production appear to have halved according to preliminary estimates by the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency. Using recently published data from BP, it found that emissions increased by 1.7
Plug-In Hybrids Are Cleaner (Even on a Coal Grid) [ to top ] This entire section is finally obsolete -- because we now have a definitive study by the Electric Power Research Institute and the Natural Resources Defense Council. Three more points: Both reports match up well with previous studies. The GREET 1.6
The research, released on Friday by the Environmental Law Institute (ELI) and named “Estimating US government subsidies to energy sources 2002-2008” , found that fossil fuels benefited from subsidies totalling $72million over this period compared to just $29billion for renewable fuels. Why is so much money dedicated to fossil fuels?
Jacobson first showed in 2000 that black carbon was the second-leading cause of global warming after carbon dioxide in terms of radiative forcing and, in 2002, that its control would be the most effective method of slowing warming. Emissions from ocean-going ships which burn minimally refined bunker fuel are primary sources of black carbon.
But its monumentally less pollution , even on the national (half-coal) grid. Nickel-metal hydride batteries, proven for many years in hybrids to be safe, could go into PHEVs today -- they would be designed more like the ones Toyota put in its 2002 RAV4 EV compact all-electric SUV than like current hybrid batteries.
By 2002, BYD had become one of the top four manufacturers worldwide - and the largest Chinese manufacturer - in each of the three rechargeable battery technologies (Li-Ion, NiCad, and NiMH), according to a Harvard Business School case study of the company. "Its a completely different business model."
The 7 awards bring the total number of GCEP-supported research programs to 104, with total funding of approximately $125 million since the project’s launch in 2002. The goal is to design a novel fuel cell that uses coal and water to generate hydrogen, water and a stream of carbon dioxide gas, which can be captured and sequestered.
He started at CNET News in 2002, covering IT and Web development. by homercles82 April 7, 2009 11:23 AM PDT Yes we will just be charging these cars using electricity that is made from naturla gas and coal fired palnts while we ignore nuclear unlike most of Europe. Before that, he was executive editor at IT publication InfoWorld.
Denmark did that with Wind Power and now most of their energy comes from wind rather than oil, natural gas, or coal. I had surmised this in my 2002 car design thesis [link] even before anyone was talking about plug in series hybrids. We should have built more Nuclear power plants and created a nuclear waste recycling program.
Although the majority (59%) still says the United States should put greater emphasis on the development of alternative energy supplies, with 34% saying the US should emphasize production of more oil, gas, and coal supplies, that margin has shrunk. In 2002, Republicans said conservation should be emphasized over production, by 53% to 35%.
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